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Robert Bauval Graham Hancock 1996
Legacy
Page 223 " The notion that some form of invisible college could have established itself at Heliopolis thousands of years before the Pharaohs, and could have been the initiating force behind the creation and unfolding of ancient Egyptian civilization, helps to explain one of the greatest mysteries confronted by Egyptology - namely the extremely sudden, indeed dramatic, manner in which Pharaonic culture 'took off in the early third millennium BC. The independent researcher John Anthony West, whose breakthrough work on the geology of the Sphinx we reported in Part I, formulates the problem especially well:
Every aspect of Egyptian knowledge seems to have been complete at the very beginning. The sciences, artistic and architectural techniques and the hieroglyphic system show virtually no signs of a period of 'development'; indeed, many of the achievements of the earliest dynasties were never surpassed or even equalled later on. This astonishing fact is readily admitted by orthodox Egyptologists, but the magnitude of the mystery it poses is skilfully understated, while its many implications go unmentioned.
How does a complex civilization spring full-blown into being? Look at a 1905 automobile and compare it to a modem one. There is no mistaking the process of 'development'. But in Egypt there are no parallels. Everything is right there at the start.
The answer to the mystery is of course obvious, but because it is repellent to the prevailing cast of modem thinking, it is seldom seriously considered. Egyptian civilization was not a 'development', it was a legacy.16
Might not the preservers of that legacy, who eventually bequeathed it to the Pharaohs at the beginning of the Dynastic Period, have been those revered and secretive individuals - the 'Followers of Horus', the Sages, the Senior Ones - whose memory haunts the most archaic traditions of Egypt like a persistent ghost?
Gods and heroes
In addition to the Turin Papyrus other chronological records support the notion of an immensely ancient 'academy' at work behind the scenes in Egypt. Amongst these, the most influential were compiled, / Page 224 / as we saw earlier, by Manetho (literally, 'Truth of Thoth'), who lived in the third century BC and who 'rose to be high priest in the temple at Heliopolis'.17 There he wrote his now lost History of Egypt which later commentators tell us was divided up into three volumes dealing, respectively, with 'the Gods, the Demigods, the Spirits of the Dead and the mortal Kings who ruled Egypt'. 18
The 'Gods' it seems, ruled for 13,900 years. After them 'the Demigods and Spirits of the Dead' - epithets for the 'Followers of Horus' - ruled for a further 11,025 years.19 Then began the reign of the mortal kings, which Manetho divided into the thirty-one dynasties still used and accepted by scholars today.
Other fragments from Manetho's History also suggest that important and powerful beings were present in Egypt long before the dawn of its historical period under the rule of Menes. For example Fragment 3, preserved in the works of George Syncellus, speaks of 'six dynasties or six gods who. . . reigned for 1 1,985 years,.20 And in a number of sources Manetho is said to have given the figure of 36,525 years for the entire duration of the civilization of Egypt from the time of the gods down to the end of the last dynasty of mortal kings.21
A rather different total of around 23,000 years has been handed down to us by the Greek historian Diodorus Siculus who visited Egypt in the first century DC and spoke there with priests and chroniclers. According to the stories he was told: 'At first Gods and Heroes ruled Egypt for a little less than 18,000 years. . . Mortals have' been kings of their country, they say, for a little less than 5000 years.' 22
Time bridge
An overview of all the available chronologies in context of other related documents such as the Pyramid Texts and the Edfu Building Texts leaves two distinct impressions. Despite the conflicts and confusions over the precise numbers of years involved, and despite the endless proliferation of names and titles and honorifics and epithets:
* It is clear that the ancient Egyptians thought in terms of very long periods of time and would never have accepted the Egyptological view that their civilization 'began' with the First / Page 225 / Dynasty of Pharaohs.
* It is clear that they were aware of an 'influence' at work in their history - a continuous, unbroken influence that had extended over many thousands of years and that was wielded by an elite group of divine and semi-divine beings, often associated with leonine symbolism, who were called variously 'Gods and Heroes', the 'Spirits of the Dead', the 'Souls', the 'Sages', the 'Shining Ones', the' Ancestors', the 'Ancestor-Gods of the Circle of the Sky', the 'Followers of Horus', etc., etc.
It is clear, in other words, that the ancient Egyptians envisaged a kind of 'time bridge', linking the world of men to the world of the gods, today to yesterday and 'now' to the 'First Time'. It is clear, too / (Figure 55 omitted)
that responsibility for maintaining this 'bridge' was attributed to the 'Followers of Horus' (by this and many other names). And it is clear that the 'Followers' were remembered as having carried down intact / Page 226 / the traditions and secrets of the gods - always preserving them, permitting not a single change - until finally sharing them with the first dynasties of Egypt's mortal kings."
Following the vernal point
The etymology of the ancient Egyptian term Shemsu Hor, 'Followers of Horus', was studied by the Alsatian scholar R. A. Schwaller de Lubicz who concluded: 'The term Shemsu Hor . . .literally means. . . "those who follow the path of Horus", that is, the "Horian way", also called the solar way. . . These Followers of Horus bear with them a knowledge of "divine origin" and unify the country with it. . .'23
The 'solar way' or 'path of Horus' is, of course, the ecliptic - that imaginary way or path in the sky on which the sun appears to travel through the twelve signs of the zodiac. As we saw in earlier chapters, the direction of the sun's 'journey' during the course of the solar year is Aquarius - Pisces - Aries - Taurus - Gemini - Cancer - Leo, etc., etc. The reader will recall, however, that there is also another, more ponderous motion, the precession of the earth's axis, which gradually rotates the 'ruling' constellation against the background of which the sun is seen to rise at dawn on the vernal equinox. This great cycle, or 'Great Year', takes 25,920 solar years to complete, with the vernal point spending 2,160 years in each of the twelve zodiacal constellations. The direction of motion is Leo - Cancer - Gemini - Taurus - Aries - Pisces - Aquarius, etc., etc., i.e. the reverse of the route pursued by the sun during the course of the solar year."
973
HELIOS - ARISE
OM
THAT
forever LOVING LIVING miracle
THAT is the creative essence of the THAT
zazazazazazazazaza
AZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZ
THE RIVER GOD
Wilbur Smith 1993
"...Now came that action of the play that had given me, the author, considerable pause, for how could I contrive fecundity without a stout peg to hang it on? We had just seen Osiris forcefully deprived of his. In the end I was forced to stoop to that tired old theatrical device that I so scorned in the work of other playwrights, namely the intervention of the gods and their supernatural powers.
While my Lady Lostris spoke from the wings, her shadowy alter ego on stage stood over the mummiform figure of Osiris and made a series of mystical gestures. 'My dear brother, by the rare and marvellous powers granted to me by our forefather, Ammon-Ra, I restore to you those manly parts that cruel Seth so brutally tore from you,' intoned my mistress.
I had equipped the mummy case with a device that I could raise by hauling on a length of fine linen twine that ran over a pulley in the temple roof directly above where Osiris lay. At Isis' words the wooden phallus, hinged to the god's pudenda, rose in majestic splendour, as long as my arm, into full erection. The audience gasped with admiration.
When Isis caressed it, I jerked the string to make it leap and twitch. The audience loved it, but loved it even better when the goddess mounted the supine mummy of the god. Judging by the convincing acrobatics of her simulated ecstasy, the harlot I had chosen to play the part must have been one of the truly great exponents of her art. The audience gave full recognition to her superior performance, egging her on with whistling and hooting and shouting ribald advice.
At the climax of this exhibition the torches were extinguished and the temple plunged into darkness. In the darkness the substitution was made once more and when the torches were re-lit my Lady Lostris stood in mid-stage with a new-born infant in her arms. One of the kitchen slaves had been considerate enough to give birth a few days previously, and I had borrowed her whelp for the occasion.
'I give you the new-born son of Osiris, god of the underworld, and of Isis, goddess of the moon and of the stars.' My Lady Lostris lifted the infant high and he, astonished by the sea of strangers before him, screwed up his tiny face and turned bright red as he howled.
Isis raised her voice above his and cried, 'Greet the young Lord Horus, god of the wind and the sky, falcon of the heavens!' ..."
HORUS
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The scribe thinking a wide eyed blink, for a blind eyed wink, assumed the king of asanas and from such elevation studied number.
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THE HOURS OF HORUS
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1+4 16 1+6
11 1+2 1+4 1+1 16 1+6
Reight wah scribe, time for a quicksliver change, so said Aliz Zed striking a camelions pose.
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA
xxxTHEZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZARECURRENTAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZDREAMx x x
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SEVEN |
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With induced sense of dejvu. The far yonder scribe, and oft times shadowed substanences, again watched in fine amaze the Zed Ali Zed, in swift repeat scatter the nine numbers amongst the letters of their progress. At the throw of the ninth arm when in conjunction set, the far yonder scribe made record of the fall.
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The scribe entering into the spirit of the thing spun an eight, one eight after another.
18 -81
81-18
Time to count the cost said Zed Aliz , and so the scribe counted numbers, the number of letters in the words that number.
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CITY OF REVELATION
John Mitchell 1973
Page 78
JUST SIX NUMBERS
Martin Rees 1999
Page 24 Chapter 2
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1+8 |
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Ra and the Eight Zed Aliz, or it the Eight and Ra
The scribe writ Ra + Eight
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AUM MANI PADME HUM
Blessed be The Jewel in the Lotus
At this point the Zed Aliz Zed, scribe, and accompanying shadows built a Chorten in humble obeisance to the
THAT
OM
9
CITY OF REVELATION
John Michell 1973
Page 78
Martin Rees 1999
Page 24 Chapter 2
A proton is
1,836
times heavier than an electron, and the number
1,836
would have the same connotations to any intelligence
6 + 8 + 3 + 1 = 18. . . 1 + 8
9
3 + 1 + 6 + 8 = 18. . . 1+ 8
9
1 + 8 + 3 + 6 = 18. . . 1 + 8
9
Ra and the Eight said Zed Aliz, or it the Eight and Ra
The scribe writ Ra + Eight
IZ
NINE
9
6 8 3 1
+
3 1 6 8
9 9 9 9
AUM MANI PADME HUM
Blessed be The Jewel in the Lotus
blessed
THAT
9
OM
GODSECRET FORMULA
Peter Plichta 1995
Page 114 1 + 1 + 4 = 6
In the myths and legends of all cultures, the numbers 1, 2, 3 played a very prominent part (eg three guesses, three wishes). Was it not ironic that mathematics, the subject that deals with numbers should happen to be the one field
in which the numbers 1,2 and 3 have no special significance? Myths and legends are full of stories of people having to choose between three paths, or doors. I knew that the first three numbers would contain a very explosive mixture.
At this juxtaposition of moments past and present, the Zed Aliz Zed plucked, az out thin air just, inserts from yonder divine library.
Barry H. Downing
Page 113
Lines /Down
9th The best single sentence summary of
10th. the Biblical mentality is in a short parable of Jesus: The
11th. kingdom of heaven is like leaven which a woman took and
12th line. . . hid in three measures of meal, till it was all leaven Mat-
13th . . . thew 13:33
The scribe noted that, the 13th line of text counting down page 113, is the 30th line up
Quest For A Theory Of Everything
Kitty Ferguson
Page 103
"...The square root of 9 is 3. So we know that the third side
This occurs on the 33rd line down of page 103
HOLY BIBLE
Scofield References
Page 1353 Chapter 22 A.D. 96.
Verse
12 And behold I come quickly: and my reward is with me, to give every man according as his work shall be
13 I am Alpha and Omega the beginning and the end the first and the last.
Page 1342 Chapter 13
Verse 18
6 + 6 + 6
1 + 8
NINE
THE HOLY BIBLE
SCOFIELD REFERENCES
Page 1351 Chapter 21 A.D. 96.
Verse 9
10. And he carried me away in the spirit to a great and high mountain, and shewed me that great city, the holy Jerusalem, descending out of heaven from God,
11 Having the glory of God: "
Robert Bauval Graham Hancock 1996
Page 247
Special numbers
We suspect that the phrase to 'go down to any sky' suggests an awareness - and recording - of precessionally induced changes in the positions of the stars over long periods of time. And we also note its implication that if the chosen initiate was equipped with the correct numerical spell then he would be able to work out - and visualize - the correct positions of the stars in any epoch of his choosing, past or future.
DIAGNOSIS OF MAN
Kenneth Walker 1943
Page 220 / "...blessed are your eyes, for they see; and your ears, for they hear..."
The words 'Who hath ears to hear, let him hear', resounded through the gospels. In one form or another they are repeated nine times in the Synoptic gospels and eight times in Revelation.
IN SEARCH OF THE MIRACULOUS
Fragments of an Unknown Teaching
P.D.Oupensky
Page 96
" There exist not one, but three universal languages. The first of them can be spoken and written while remaining within the limits of ones' own language. The only difference is that when people speak in their ordinary language they do not understand one another but in this other language they do understand. In the second language, written language is the same for all peoples, like say figures or mathematical formulae; but people still speak their own language yet each of them understands the other even though the other speaks in an unknown language. The third language is the same for all both the written and the spoken. The difference of language disappears altogether on this level."
Thus spake the prophet Gurdjieff.
Page 283
"In western systems of occultism there is a method known by the name of 'theosophical addition', that is, the definition of numbers consisting of two or more digits by the sum of those digits. To people who do not understand the symbolism of numbers this method of synthesizing numbers seems to be absolutely arbitrary and to lead nowhere. But for a man who understands the unity of everything existing and who has the key to this unity the method of theosophical addition has a profound meaning, for it resolves all diversity into the fundamental laws which govern it and which are expressed in the numbers 1 to 10. As was mentioned earlier in symbology, as represented , numbers are connected with definate geometrical figures and are mutually complimentary one to another. In the Cabala a symbology of letters is also used and in combination with the symbology of letters a symbology of words.A combination of the four methods of symbolism by numbers, geometrical figures, letters and words, give a complicated but more perfect method."
Thus spake the prophet Gurdjieff
The scribe advances the sum of the parts
. . . . .1 . . . . .1 . . . . .1 . . . . . 1 . . . . 1 . . . . .1. . . . .1. . . . .1. . . . .1. . . . .1. . . . . 1 . . . . 1 . . . . .
A + Z+B + Y+C + X+D + W+E + V+F + U+G + T+H + S+I + R+J + Q+K + P+L + O+M + N
. . 9.. . . . 9. . . . . 9. . . . . 9. . . . . .9. . . . . 9. . . . . 9. . . . . 9. . . . .9. . . . .9. . . . . .9. . . . .9. . . . . .9
Kenneth Walker 1943
Page 219
"...The hope for mankind does not lie. in the action of any corporate body be it ever so powerful, but in the influence of individual men and women who for the sake of a greater have sacrificed a lesser aim. There is no possibility of any mass movement in Christianity or in any other religion. As has been pointed out it would seem that Christ himself expected little of the crowds who gathered to hear him and witnessed his miracles. He talked to them only in parables the meaning, of which he expounded to his disciples after the crowds had dispersed.
Therefore I speak to them in parables: because they seeing, see not; and hearing, they hear not, neither do they understand. And in them is fulfilled the prophecy of Esaias which saith, By hearing ye shall hear and shall not understand; and seeing ye shall see and shall not perceive; or this people's heart is waxed gross, and their ears are dull of hearing, and their eyes they have closed; lest at any time they should see with their eyes, and hear with their ears, and should understand with their hearts, and should be converted, / Page 220 / and I should heal them but blessed are in your eyes, for they see; and your ears, for they hear.
The words 'Who hath ears to hear, let him hear', resounded through the gospels. In one form or another they are repeated nine times in the Synoptic gospels and eight times in Revelation.
It has been said that in the darkest days of the Church's history there were many who, in order to protect themselves from persecution, sought the truth under the guise of some external calling. As an example of such a body of men may be mentioned the ecclesiastical alchemists. Alchemy was an extremely ancient science which for upwards of seventeen hundred years exerted its influence upon thought, not only in Europe, but in Egypt, Arabia, Persia and China. Although it is said to have formed part of the traditional knowledge of the Egyptian priesthood, it was probably an importation into Egypt from abroad. Alchemy certainly existed in China prior to this era. It also flourished amongst the Arabs and in Greece, where it was always referred to either as 'the work', or as 'The Divine and Sacred Art'. Although externally it appeared to be a branch of metallurgy, and was popularly regarded as a search for gold, the more important part of the true alchemist's research was spiritual and hidden. This is evidence from the clear distinction that is drawn in all alchemical writings between the exoteric alchemy that was visible to the world and the esoteric alchemy that was revealed only to chosen adepts. Although to the world, the alchemist appeared to be engaged only in the trans- mutation of baser metals into gold, he was in reality striving for an inner transmutation of the spirit. He was therefore essentially a religious man.
The central doctrine of the alchemists was the unity of all things, a doctrine that was engraved on the emerald tablets of the great alchemical leader, Hermes Trismegistus, in the saying 'As above so below'. The laws that ruled the material world also ruled the world of the spirit. The alchemists believed that throughout the whole universe there existed a general movement of the baser towards the finer; and it was his work to find how best this movement could be assisted. Arnold of Villanova explained the meaning of the search for the philosopher's stone in the following words:
There abides in Nature a certain.pure matter, which being dis- / Page 221 / covered and brought to perfection converts to itself propor-tionately all imperfect bodies that it touches.
That the vital part of the alchemists' work was the inner transforma-tion of the spirit rather than the conversion of lead into gold, is shown by the following quotations:
Out of other things, thou wilt never make one unless first the one arises out of thyself. (ABBOT TRITHEMlUS, circa A.D. 1500.)
In order to acquire the golden understanding (Aurea appre-hensis), a man must open wide the eyes of the spirit, and of the soul, and contemplate and recognize things with the help of the inner light that God has kindled from the beginning in nature and in our hearts.
Know that thou canst not possess 'the science' if thou dost not cleanse thy mind through God, by which is meant that thou purgest thine heart from all corruption. (ALFlDIUS.)
To a modem reader whose mind draws a clear distinction between matter and spirit, alchemical writings are apt to appear confused and meaningless. It must be remembered, however, that no such distinction as 'matter and spirit' existed for the alchemist. For him there was instead an intermediate realm that lay between matter and spirit, a realm of subde bodies, to which a psychic as well as a physical manifestation was suited. Whereas to us there appears to exist an incongruity between the alchemist's preoccupation with retorts and crucibles and his search for spiritual change, for the alchemist there was no such incongruity. His external work was a symbol of his inner work, but at the same time it was more than a symbol. Unity existed in everything, and the same laws ruled everywhere."
HERMES TRISMEGISTUS
THE THRICE GREAT
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Of The New Millenium
Alan F. Alford 1996
SIGNS OF THE GODS
" According to the accepted history of mankind, we should not find examples of twentieth century technology being used thousands of years ago. And yet examples of this technology can be seen at sites all around the world defying conventional scientific explanation..."
"...I am also including in this chapter some rather less familiar locations. Chavin de Huantar, for instance, is / Page 72 / interesting for its original, highly advanced underground aqueduct systems, and I will be drawing a fascinating parallel between these and the waterworks of Tiwanaku.
Another little known site is that of Baalbek in Lebanon. As a result of war and terrorism, Baalbek has been a 'no go' area for more than twenty years. However, in May 1995, I finally managed to visit the Temple of Jupiter at Baalbek and I am delighted to be able to share my first-hand impressions of the amazing 800-ton stones which have been miraculously transported and positioned in one of its foundation walls.
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KEEPER OF GENESIS
Robert Bauval Graham Hancock 1996
Following the vernal point
The etymology of the ancient Egyptian term Shemsu Hor, 'Followers of Horus', was studied by the Alsatian scholar R. A. Schwaller de Lubicz who concluded: 'The term Shemsu Hor . . .literally means. . . "those who follow the path of Horus", that is, the "Horian way", also called the solar way. . . These Followers of Horus bear with them a knowledge of "divine origin" and unify the country with it. . .'23
THE POETICS OF ASCENT
Theories of Language in a Rabbinic Ascent Text
Naomi Janowitz 1989
Sources and Parallels
Page 117
"...In addition to the citation of standard biblical passages about heavenly vision 7
Maaseh Merkabah shares entire passages with other Hekhalot texts. Two examples of these parallels, from III Enoch and Merkabah Rabba, reveal the manner in which each Heklahot text adapts material for its own purpose.
Gruenwald (1980,181, n.2) and Alexander (1983, 304, n.a) both draw atten-tion to the parallel to Maaseh Merkabah (3, 4, and 10) found in III Enoch 22B-C. In his edition of III Enoch, 22B-C is in an appendix because of their obvious status as additions. As is often the case with Hekhalot texts, we cannot claim direct borrowing in either direction, for we do not know when these sections were added to III Enoch or if they were found in a third text.
The parallel in III Enoch is as follows:
22B. (1) R. Ishmael said: Metatron, Prince of the Divine Presence, said to me: How do the angels stand on high? He said to me: Just as a bridge is laid across a river and everyone crosses over it, so a bridge is / Page 118 / laid from the beginning of the entrance to its end, (2) and the minister-ing angels go over it and recite the song before YHWH the God of Israel. In his presence fearsome warriors and dread captains stand. A thousand thousand and myriad chant praise and laud before YWHW, God of Israel.
(3) How many bridges are there? How many rivers of fire? How many rivers of hail? How many treasuries of snow? How many wheels of fire? (4) How many ministering angels? There are twelve thousand myriads of bridges, six above and six below; twelve thousand myriads of rivers of fire, six above and six below; twelve thousand treasuries of snow, six above and six below; twenty-four thousand myriads of wheels of fire, twelve above and twelve below, surrounding the bridges, the riv-ers of fire, the rivers of hail, the treasuries of snow and the ministering angels. How many ministering angels are at each entrance? Six for every human being, and they stand in the midst of the entrances, facing the paths of heaven. (5) What does YHWH, the God of Israel, the glorious king, do. The great God, mighty in power, covers his face.. (6) In Arabot there are 660 thousands of myriads of glorious angels, hewn out of flam-ing fire, standing opposite the throne of glory. The glorious King covers his face, otherwise the heaven of Arabot would burst open in the middle, because of the glorious brilliance, beautiful brightness, lovely splendor, and radiant praises of the appearance of the Holy One, blessed be he. (7) How many ministers do his will? How many angels? How many princes in the Arabot of his delight, feared among the potentates of the Most High, favored and glorified in song and beloved, fleeing from the splendor of the Shekinah, with eyes grown dim from the light of the radiant beauty of their King, with faces black and strength grown feeble? Rivers of joy, rivers of rejoicing, rivers of gladness, rivers of exultation, rivers of love, rivers of friendship pour out from the throne of glory, and, gathering strength, flow through the gates of the paths of heaven of Arabot, at the melodious sound of his creatures' harps, at the exultant sound of the drums of his wheels, at the sound of the cymbal music of his cherubim. The sound swells and bursts out in a mighty rush - Holy, holy, holy, Lord of host, the whole earth is full of his glory.
22C. (1) R. Ishmael said: Metatron, Prince of the Divine Presence, said to me: What is the distance between one bridge and another? Twelve myriads of parasangs: in their ascent twelve myriads of para-sangs, and in their descent twelve myriads of parasangs. (2) Between the rivers of fear and the rivers of dread, twenty-two myriads of parasangs; between the rivers of hail and the rivers of darkness, thirty-six myriads of parasangs, between the chambers of hail and the clouds of mercy, forty-two myriads of parasangs, between the clouds of mercy and the chariot, eighty-four myriads of parasangs; between the cherubim and the ophanim, twenty-four myriads of parasangs; between the ophanim and the chambers of chambers, twenty-four myriads of parasangs; between / Page119 / the chambers of chambers and the holy creatures of the throne of glory, thirty thousand parasangs; (3) from the foot of the throne of glory to the place where he sits, forty thousand parasangs, and his name is sancti-fied there.
(4) The arches of the bow rest upon Arabot, a thousand thousand and a myriad of myriads of measures high, by the measure of the watch-ers and the holy ones, as it is written, " I have set my bow in the clouds..."
THAT
BEHOLD
OH NAMUH
NINE 9 SEVEN 7 THREE 3
THE RAINBOW ARCH OF THE COVENANT
AZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZ
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KEEPER OF GENESIS
Robert Bauval Graham Hancock 1996
Page 226
"...We suggest that the 'Followers of Horus' followed - In a very precise, astronomical sense - not only the annual path of the sun, eastwards through the zodiac, but also, for thousands of years, the vernal point's relentless precessional drift westwards through the same twelve constellations.."
Page number 238 missing
Chapter 15
'My Kingdom is not of this world. . . .'
John 18: 36)
'Great is the Cosmic Order, for it has not
changed since the time of Osiris, who put it there. . .'
Ptahotep, a high priest of the Pyramid Age
According to the Creation narrative of the ancient Egyptians, Nut, the Sky-goddess, and Geb, the earth-god, joined in sexual union, but were then rudely separated by the intervention of Shu, the god of air, atmosphere and dryness. Nevertheless the union did produce offspring in the form of Isis and Osiris, Nepthys and Seth. And in due course, as we have seen, Osiris became the ruler of the idealized 'Kingdom of the "First Time" " was murdered by Seth, experienced resurrection, and then finally ascended into the heavens where he established the cosmic 'Kingdom' of the Duat. The reader will remember that a crucial role in effecting his 'astral rebirth' was played by Horus, his son by the widow Isis, the archetype for all the historical Horus-Kings of ancient Egypt - who revenged himself on Seth and later reunified the divided Kingdom.
It can thus be said that a kind of cosmic blueprint to establish - or re-establish - a unified 'Kingdom of Osiris' on earth had been devised from the outset by the 'gods' and thus long before the advent of 'historical' kingship by Menes-Narmer at the beginning of the third millennium BC.
Page 239
Separation
In the Shabaka Texts (which express the Memphite Theology) we read that the defeat of Seth by Horus was followed by a convocation of the gods, under the leadership of Geb, who sat in judgement over the two 'contenders'. Initially each one was given authority to rule over his own area: 'These are the words of Geb to Horus [of the north] and Seth [of the south]: "I have separated you" - Lower and Upper Egypt. . . Then Horus stood over one region and Seth stood over one regIon . . .'1
Later, however, as the reader will recall from Part III, Geb 'gave to Horus [Seth's] inheritance': 'Then Horus stood over the land. He is the uniter of this land. . . He is Horus who arose as king of Upper and Lower Egypt, who united the Two Lands in [the region of Memphis], the "place" where the Two Lands were united. . .'2
The curious phrase 'I have separated you' which Geb uttered, is symbolic of the 'separation' that he, too, had endured from his consort the sky-goddess, Nut. With this in mind, should we not consider the possibility that the notions of ' Upper Egypt' and and 'Lower Egypt'- though obviously relating at one level to the geographical south and north of the earthly country - might also at another level have been intended to suggest ground and sky?
Doubles
There is much in the Memphite Theology which supports the proposition that the areas which were traditionally regarded as the
southern and northern sacred regions of Osiris - Abydos and Memphis - were not only meant to be considered in terrestrial terms but also in cosmic terms.
In particular, a metaphor is relayed around the imagery of the huge 'body' of Osiris 'drifting' with the waters of the Nile from his southern shrine at Abydos to reach his northern shrine in the 'land of Sokar' - i.e. the Memphite necropolis in general and in particular the Giza plateau where, in the form of the three great Pyramids, we suspect that the 'body' of Osiris lies outstretched upon the sand to the present day. . .
At any rate, this same basic imagery of Osiris lying on the western / Page 240 / bank of the Nile near Memphis also crops up in the Pyramid Texts, which add a further clue: 'They [Isis and Nepthys] have found Osiris . . . "when his name became Sokar".. .'3 The term 'when his name became Sokar' does clearly seem to imply "that the 'body' of Osiris merged with the land of Sokar i.e. the Memphite necropolis, and that his image - i.e. the 'astral' image of the Orion region of the sky - was somehow grafted onto it. The impression that this 'image' must have something to do with the Pyramids of Giza is then confirmed elsewhere in the Pyramid Texts. In the following passage, for example, the Horus-King addresses the 'Lower Sky' to which he 'will descend to the place where the gods are' and utters this powerful and cryptic declaration:
the gods will be opened and will request that I ascend to the sky, and I
will ascend.
A boon which Geb (earth) and Atum grant: that this Pyramid and Temple
be installed for me and for my double, and that this Pyramid
and Temple be enclosed for me and for my double. . .
As for anyone who shall lay a finger on this Pyramid and this Temple
which belong to me and to my double, he will have laid a finger on the
Mansion [Kingdom] . . . which is in the sky. . .4
It is beyond the scope of this book to present a detailed treatise on the concept of the ka - the 'double', the astral or spiritual essence of a person or thing - and of its role in ancient Egyptian funerary beliefs.
Much confusion has been generated around this important subject.5 At the very least, however, it is certain that what confronts us in the ka is yet another example of the prevailing dualism in Egyptian thought. Moreover its use in context of the utterance quoted above reminds us that the 'image' of Osiris 'when his name became Sokar' - i.e. the Memphite Pyramid necropolis - should at all times be considered as having a cosmic or celestial 'double'. And it should be obvious, too, that this 'double' can only be the Osirian Kingdom in the Duat - which the Pyramid Texts declare to be 'the Place Where Orion Is'. Indeed as Margaret Bunson notes in her Encyclopaedia of Ancient Egypt: 'Kas. . .served as guardians of places. . .Osiris was always called the ka of the Pyramids. . . ' 6"
THAT
OSIRIS
THAT OSIRIS -THAT OSIRIS
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Seeking more than an average days, a nodds az good az a think, to a mind man, the scribe writ 3 + 4 = SEVEN noting that the word three contained 5 letters and the word four contains four letters, and that 5 + 4 = 9
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KEEPER OF GENESIS
Robert Bauval Graham Hancock 1996
Page 241
0 Horus, this King is Osiris, this Pyramid of the king is Osiris, this
construction of his is Osiris, betake yourself to it. . .7
Awake [Osiris] for Horus. . . spiritualize yourself [i.e. become
an astral being] . . . May a stairway to the sky be set up for you to the
Place Where Orion Is . . .8
Live, be alive, be young. . . beside Orion in the sky. . .9
O Osiris-King, you are this great star, the companion of Orion, who
traverses the sky with Orion, who 'sails' in the Duat with Osiris. . .10
Link-up
Strangely, despite the obvious sky-ground dualism and profoundly astronomical 'flavour' of the Texts, no scholar other than Jane B. Sellers11 has ever given serious consideration to the possibility that references to the 'Unification' of the 'Upper' and 'Lower' Kingdoms of Osiris might have something to do with astronomy. Indeed the only Egyptologist even to get close to such an unorthodox way of thinking was Selim Hassan when he observed: 'the Egyptians held the idea of the existence of more than one sky, possibly superimposed. . . Certain lines in the Pyramid Texts strongly suggest that "Upper" and "Lower" Egypt each had its own particular sky. . . i.e. the two skies in opposition to the Two Lands of Upper and Lower Egypt.' 12
In his monumental study of ancient Egyptian cosmology, Hassan also drew attention to an intriguing papyrus, now kept at the Louvre Museum in Paris,13 which suggests that the 'Two Skies' in question were considered as being 'one for the earth and the other for the Duat,14 'These plural skies', wrote Hassan, 'were superimposed one above the other.' 15
Pursuing such lines of thought, we were to discover that similar ideas are depicted in the Coffin Texts. Tht:re reference is made to the 'Upper' and 'Lower' landscapes which are said to be bound to the 'Two Horizons' - one in the east (the sky) and one in the west (the earth i.e. the Memphite necropolis16): 'Open! 0 Sky and Earth, 0 eastern and western Horizons, open you chapels of Upper and Lower Egypt. . .' 17
Page 242
The language of all these texts is exotic, laden with the dualistic thinking that lay at the heart of ancient Egyptian society and that may have been the engine of its greatest achievements. In the Pyramid Age, as we have seen, the gigantic 'image' of Osiris appears to have been physically defined on the ground with the creation of the 'Lower' landscape of the Memphite Pyramids - a development referred to in the Pyramid Texts by means of the obvious metaphor 'When his name became Sokar'. Likewise, it should come as no surprise that the gigantic celestial 'image' of Osiris in the sky is referred to in the same texts by means of the same metaphorical device, i.e. 'When his name became Orion': 'Horus comes, Thoth appears. . . They raise Osiris from upon his side and make him stand up . . . when there came into being this his name of Orion, long of leg and lengthy of stride, who presides over "Upper" Egypt. . . Raise yourself, O Osiris. . . the Sky is given to you, the earth is given to you. . .' 18 Selim Hassan, again / Page 243 / almost but not quite getting the point, comments as follows: 'this line shows that Osiris was given the dominion of heaven and earth.'19
Yet clearly there is more to say. These 'dominions' were by no means vague and general but were defined in the sky by the pattern of Orion's stars, and were defined on the ground -in the land of 'Sokar' (i.e the Memphite necropolis) - by the pattern of the Pyramids.
We wonder whether the first major 'station' of the quest -journey of the Horus-King, reached after he had been prompted to 'find the astral body of Osiris', might not have been the initiate's dawning awareness that the body in question was a duality that could only be approached by linking Orion with the pattern of the Great Pyramids in the Memphite necropolis.
Riding the vernal point
The reader will remember that the starting point of the Horus-King's 'journey in the sky' was when the sun's position along the zodiac (during the solar year) was close to the Hyades, at the 'head' of the constellation of Taurus, standing, as it were, on the banks of the Milky Way.
If we now transpose this sky image to the ground then the Horus-King would have to place himself near the 'Bent' and the 'Red' Pyramids of Dahshur some 20 miles south of Giza (but nevertheless still very much part of the extensive Memphite necropolis). As we saw in the last chapter, the trigger for the construction of these two Fourth-Dynasty monuments appears to have been the slow preces-sional drift of the vernal point into the Hyades-Taurus region of the sky in the third millennium DC. Indeed it is more than possible that by building those Pyramids (which map the two brightest stars in the Hyades) Pharaoh Sneferu (2575-2551 DC) was deliberately laying down a marker for the position of the vernal point in his epoch.
If he was doing that, as all the evidence seems to suggest, then it is probable that such a highly initiated Horus-King would also have known that by metaphorically 'boarding' the solar bark at the spring equinox, and crossing the Milky Way, he would effectively be 'sailing back in time' - against the flow of precession - riding the vernal point towards the distant constellation of Leo.
Page 244
But why, then, all this parallel emphasis in the texts on Orion - Osiris moving from somewhere in the distant 'south' to his final resting place in the Memphite necropolis?
Secret spell
We suspect that for thousands of years before the Pyramid Age, hundreds of generations of Heliopolitan astronomer-priests had kept the constellation of Orion continuously under observation, paying particular attention to its place of meridian-transit - i.e. the altitude above the horizon at which it crossed the celestial meridian. We think that careful records were kept, perhaps written, perhaps orally encoded in the ancient 'mythological' language of precessional astronomy.20 And we suppose that note was taken of Orion's slow precessional drift - the effect of which was that the constellation would have seemed to be slowly drifting northwards along the west 'bank' of the Milky Way.
It is our hypothesis that the mythical image of the vast body of Osiris slowly being carried to the north, i.e. 'drifting' on the waters of the Nile, is a specific piece of astronomical terminology coined to describe the long-term changes being effected by precession in Orion's celestial 'address'. In the Memphite Theology, as the reader will recall, this drift was depicted as having commenced in the south, symbolically called Abydos (in archaeological terms the most southerly 'shrine' of Osiris), and to have carried the 'body' of the dead god to a point in the north symbolically called Sokar, i.e. the Memphite necropolis (the most northerly 'shrine' of Osiris). As we saw in Part III, the Shabaka Texts tell us that when he reached this point:
Osiris was drowned in his water. Isis and Nepthys looked out, beheld him, and attended to him. Horus quickly commanded Isis and Nepthys to grasp Osiris and prevent his [submerging]. They heeded in time and brought him to land. He entered the hidden portals in the glory of the Lords of Eternity. Thus Osiris came into the earth at the Royal Fortress [Memphis], to the north of the land to which he had come [Abydos] 21
Page 245 In the light of what we now know it is hard to imagine that the reference to Osiris coming 'into the earth' (or down to earth?) could signify anything other than the physical construction of the 'body of Osiris on the ground' on the west banks of the Nile - in the form of the great Pyramid-fields of the sprawling Memphite necropolis. Since Osiris is Orion the desire to achieve such an effect would more than adequately explain why the three Pyramids of Giza should have been arranged in the pattern of the three stars of Orion's belt. Moreover, since we know that the stated goal of the Horus-King's quest was not onfy to find the astral 'body' of Osiris but to find it as it was in the 'First Time', we should not be surprised by the fact that the Pyramids, as we saw in Part I, are set out on the ground in the pattern / Page 246 / that they made at the beginning (i.e. 'southernmost point') of that constellation's upward (i.e. 'northerly') precessional half-cycle.
So we wonder whether it is possible that the quest of the Horus- King might have had as its ultimate objective the acquisition of knowledge concerning the 'First Time' - perhaps even the acquisition of specific knowledgefrom that remote epoch when the gods had walked the earth?
Several passages in the Pyramid Texts invite such speculation. For example, we are told that the Horus-King must 'travel upstream' i.e. must push against the natural drift of 'time' - in order to reach
Orion-Osiris in his proper 'First Time' setting:
Betake yourself to the Waterway, fare upstream [south], travel about Abydos in this spirit-form of yours which the gods command to belong to you; may a stairway [road] to the Duat be set up for you to the Place Where Orion Is . . .22
They have found Osiris... 'When his name became Sokar' [Memphite necropolis] . . . Wake up [Osiris] for Horus. .. raise yourself. . . fare southward [upstream] to the lake, cross over the sea [sky], for you are he who stands untiring in the midst of Abydos . . 23 Betake yourself to the Waterway, fare upstream... traverse Abydos. The celestial portal to the Horizon is open to you. . . may you remove yourself to the sky, for the roads of the celestial expanses which lead up to Horus are cleaned for you. . . for you have traversed the Winding Waterway [Milky Way] which is in the north of the sky as a star crossing the sea which is beneath the sky. The Duat has grasped your hand at the Place Where Orion Is . . 24
Likewise there is a striking passage in the Coffin Texts which refers to some secret 'spell' or formula to allow the deceased to use the 'path of Rostau' on the land and in the sky (i.e. the path to the Giza necropolis on land and to Orion's belt in the sky) in order to 'go down to any sky he wishes to go down to':
I have passed on the path of Rostau, whether on water or on land, and these are the paths of Osiris [Orion], they are in the limit of the sky. As for him who knows the spell [formula] for going down into them, he himself is a god in the suite of Thoth [meaning he is as wise as Thoth, 'the controller of the stars,l [and] he will go down to any sky he wishes to go down to . . 26
The two Brothers, in free wheelin' mode, continue apace.
Page 245
"...Moreover, since we know that the stated goal of the Horus-King's quest was not onfy to find the astral 'body' of Osiris but to find it as it was in the 'First Time',..."
Page 247
Special numbers
We suspect that the phrase to 'go down to any sky' suggests an awareness - and recording - of precessionally induced changes in the positions of the stars over long periods of time. And we also note its implication that if the chosen initiate was equipped with the correct numerical spell then he would be able to work out - and visualize - the correct positions of the stars in any epoch of his choosing, past or future.
Once again Sellers stands out amongst Egyptologists for being the first to have entertained such apparently outlandish notions. 'It is possible', she writes, 'that early man encoded in his myths special numbers; numbers that seemed to reveal to initiates an amazing knowledge of the movement of the celestial spheres.' 27
Such numbers, she argues, appear to have been derived from a sustained, scientific study of the cycle of precession and a measure- ment of its rate and, puzzlingly, turn out to be extremely 'close to the calculations made with today's sophisticated procedures'. Intrigu-ingly, too, there is evidence not only 'that these calculations were made, and conclusions drawn', but also that 'they were transmitted to others by secret encoding that was accessible only to an elite few':28 In short, Sellers concludes, 'ancient man calculated a special number that he believed would bring this threatening cycle [of precession] back to its starting point. . .' 29
The 'special number' to which Sellers is referring to is 25,920 (and multiples and divisions of it) and thus represents the duration, in solar years, of a full precessional cycle or 'Great Year' 30 She shows how it can be derived from a variety of simple combinations of other numbers - 5,12,36,72,360,432,2100, etc., etc. - all of which are in
turn derived from precise observations of precession. Most crucially of all, she shows that this peculiar sequence of numbers occurs in the ancient Egyptian myth of Osiris where, notably '72 consipirators' are said to have been involved with Seth in the murder of the God-King.31
As was shown in Fingerprints of the Gods, the sun's perceived motion through the signs of the zodiac at the vernal equinox proceeds at the rate of one degree every seventy-two years. From this it follows that a movement of the vernal point through 30 degrees will take 2160 / Page248 / years to complete, 60 degrees will take 4320 years, and a full 360- degree cycle will require 25,920 years 32
Curiously enough, as the reader will recall from Part I, the Great Pyramid itself incorporates a record of these precessional numbers - since its key dimensions (its height and the perimeter of its base) appear to have been designed as a mathematical model of the earth's polar radius and equatorial circumference on a scale of 1 :43,200. The number 43,200 is, of course, exactly 600 times 72. What we have in this remarkable monument, therefore, is not just a scale model of a hemisphere of the earth but also one in which the scale involved incorporates a 'special number' derived from one of the key planetary motions of the earth itself - i.e. the rate of its axial precession.
In short it seems that secret knowledge is indeed available in the myth of Osiris and in the dimensions of the Great Pyramid. With this secret knowledge, if we wanted to fix a specific date - say 1008 years in the future - and communicate it to other initiates, then we could do so with the 'special number' 14 (72 x 14 = 1008). We would also have to specify the 'zero point' from which they were to make their calculations - i.e the present epoch - and this might be done with some kind of symbolic or mathematical marker to indicate where the vernal point presently is, i.e. moving out of Pisces and into Aquarius.
A similar exercise could likewise be carried out in reverse. By following the 'eastwards' direction along the ecliptic path we can 'find' (calculate, work out) where the vernal point was at any epoch in the past. Thus if today we wished to use the precessional code to direct attention towards the Pyramid Age we would need to confide to other initiates the 'special number' of 62.5 (72 x 62.5 = 4500 years ago = approximately 2500 BC). Again, we could rule out any ambiguity as to the zero date from which the calculations were to be made if we could find a way to indicate the present position of the vernal point.
We have seen that this is what Sneferu appears to have done with the two Pyramids at Dahshur, which map the two sides of the head of the celestial bull- the 'address' of the vernal point in his epoch. And in a sense, though with a great deal more specificity and precision, this could also be exactly what the builders of the Great Pyramid were doing when they deliberately targeted the southern shafts of the King's and Queen's Chambers on the meridian-transits of such / Page 249 / significant stars as Orion and Sirius in the epoch of 2500 BC. To be clear about this, it seems to us well worth investigating the possibility that by setting up such obvious and precise 'time markers' they were trying to provide an unambiguous zero point - circa 2500 BC - for calculations that could only be undertaken by initiates steeped in the mysteries of precession, who were equipped by their training to draw out the hidden portents concealed in certain 'special numbers'..."
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Page 249 continues
We note in passing that if the Horus-King could have been provided with the 'special number' 111.111, and had used it in the way described above, it would have led him back to (72 x 111.111 years =) 7,999.99 years before the specified 'ground zero', i.e. to almost exactly 8000 years before 2500 BC - in short, to 10,500 BC.
We know this seems like wishful numerology of the worst sort - i.e.'factoring in' an arbitrary value to a set of calculations so as to procure spurious 'corroboration' for a specific desired date (in this case the date of 10,500 BC, twelve and a half thousand years before the present, that we have already highlighted in Chapter 3 in connection with the Sphinx and the Pyramids of Giza). The problem, however, is that the number 111 . 111 I may well not be an arbitrary value. At any rate, it has long been recognized that the main numerical factor in the design of the Great Pyramid, and indeed of the Giza necropolis as a whole, is the prime number 11 - a prime number being one that is only divisible by itself to produce the whole number1. Thus 11 divided by 11, i.e. the ratio 11:11, produces the whole number 1 (while 11 divided by anything else, i.e. any other ratio, would, of neccessity, generate a fraction).
What is intriguing is the way that the architecture of the Great Pyramid responds to the number 11 when it is divided, or multiplied, by other whole numbers. The reader will recall, for example, that its side length of just over 755 feet is equivalent to 440 Egyptian royal cubits - i.e. 11 times 40 cubits.33 In addition, its height-to-base ratio is 7:11.3. The slope ratio of its sides is 14:11 (tan 51 degrees 50').35 And the slope ratio of the southern shaft of the King's Chamber - the shaft that was targeted on Orion's belt in 2500 BC - is 11:11 (tan 45 degrees).36
Arguably, therefore, the ratio 11: 11, which integrates with our / Page 250 / 'special number' 111.111, could be considered as a sort of mathemati-cal key, or 'stargate' to Orion's belt. Moreover, as we shall see, a movement of 111.111 degrees 'backwards along the ecliptic from 'ground-zero' at the Hyades-Taurus, the head of the celestial bull, would place the vernal point 'underneath' the cosmic lion.
Is it not precisely such a location, underneath the Great Sphinx, that the Horus-King is urged to investigate as he stands between its paws 'with his mouth equipped' and faces the questions of the Akhus whose initiations have led him this far? Indeed, does it not seem probable that the 'quest-journey' devised by the 'Followers of Horus' was carefully structured so as to sharpen the mind of the initiate by requiring him to piece together all the clues himself until he finally arrived at the realization that somewhere underneath the Great Sphinx of Giza was something (written or pictorial records, artefacts, maps, astronomical charts) that touched on 'the knowledge of a divine origin', that was of immense importance, and that had been concealed there since the 'First Time'?
In considering such questions, we are reminded of the Hermetic doctrines which transmit a tradition of the wisdom god Thoth who was said to have 'succeeded in understanding the mysteries of the heavens [and to have] revealed them by inscribing them in sacred books which he then hid here on earth, intending that they should be searched for by future generations but found only by the fully worthy'}37 Do the 'sacred books of 'Thoth', or their equivalent, still lie in the bedrock beneath the Great Sphinx of Giza, and do the 'fully worthy' still seek them there? "
THE GREAT SPHINX
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Graham Hancock 1995
Page number 359 omitted
Place of the Beginning
Giza, Egypt, I6 March I993, 3.30 p. m..
"It was mid afternoon by the time I left the Great Pyramid. Retracing the route that Santha and I had followed the night before when we had climbed the monument, I walked eastwards along the northern face, southwards along the flank of the eastern face, clambered over mounds of rubble and ancient tombs that clustered closely in this part of the necropolis, and came out on to the sand-covered limestone bedrock of the Giza plateau, which sloped down towards the south and east.
At the bottom of this long gentle slope, about half a kilometre from the south-eastern comer of the Great Pyramid, the Sphinx crouched in his rock-hewn pit. Sixty-six feet high and more than 240 feet long, with a head measuring 13 feet 8 inches wide,' he was, by a considerable margin, the largest single piece of sculpture in the world - and the most renowned:
'A shape with lion body and the head of a man
A gaze blank and pitiless as the sun 2..."
ALL SCRIPTURE IS INSPIRED Of GOD AND BENEFICIAL
Watch Tower Bible And Tract Society Of Pennsylvania
Page 11
" 24 In what order did the sixty-six Bible books come to us? What part of the endless stream of time do they cover? "
" 29 In the following pages the sixty-six books of the Sacred Scriptures are examined in turn. "
THE HOLY BIBLE
Scofield Reference
Page vii
BOOKS OF THE OLD AND NEW TESTAMENT
WITH THE NUMBER OF THEIR CHAPTERS.
BOOK . . . . . Page number . . . .Chapter |
BOOK . . . . . . Page number . . Chapter |
GENESIS |
3 |
50 |
Ecclesiastes |
696 |
12 |
|
Exodus |
71 |
40 |
Song of Solomon |
705 |
8 |
|
Leviticus |
126 |
27 |
Isaiah |
713 |
66 |
|
Numbers |
165 |
36 |
Jeremiah |
772 |
52 |
|
Deuteronomy |
216 |
34 |
Lamentations |
834 |
5 |
|
Joshua |
259 |
24 |
Ezekiel |
840 |
48 |
|
Judges |
287 |
21 |
Daniel |
898 |
12 |
|
Ruth |
315 |
41 |
Hosea |
921 |
14 |
|
Samuel. |
319 |
31 |
Joel. |
930 |
3 |
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II. Samuel. . . . . . .. . . |
355 |
24 |
Amos. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . |
934 |
9 |
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I. Kings . . . . . . . .. . . . |
385 |
22 |
Obadiah. . . . . . . . .. . . . |
941 |
1 |
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I. Chronicles. . . . . . . . |
456 |
29 |
Jonah. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . |
943 |
4 |
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II. Chronicles. . . .. . . . |
490 |
36 |
Micah. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . |
946 |
7 |
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Ezra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
529 |
10 |
Nahum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
952 |
3 |
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Nehemiah. . . . . . . .. . . |
54 |
13 |
Habakkuk. . . . . . . . . . . . |
955 |
3 |
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Esther. . . . . . . . . .. . . |
558 |
10 |
Zephaniah. . . . . . . . . . . |
959 |
3 |
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Job. . . . . . . . . . . ... . |
569 |
42 |
Haggai. . . . . . . . . .. . . . |
962 |
2 |
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Psalms. . . . . . . . .. . . |
599 |
15 |
Zechariah. . . . . . . . . . . |
965 |
14 |
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Proverbs. . . . . . . . . . . |
672 |
31 |
Malachi . . . . . . . . . . . . |
980 |
4 |
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MATTHEW. . . . . . . . |
993 |
28 |
I. Timothy. . . . . . . . . . . |
1274 |
6 |
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Mark. . . . . . . . . .. . . |
l045 |
16 |
II. Timothy.. . . . . . .. . . |
1279 |
4 |
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Luke. . . . . . . . . . . . . |
1070 |
24 |
Titus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
1283 |
3 |
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John . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
1114 |
21 |
Philemon. . . . . . . . . . . . |
1286 |
1 |
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The Acts. . . . . . . . . . |
1147 |
28 |
To the Hebrews. . . . . . . |
1291 |
13 |
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To the Romans. . . . . . |
1191 |
16 |
Epistle of James. . . . . . |
1306 |
5 |
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I. Corinthians. . . .. . . |
1211 |
16 |
I.Peter. . . . . . . . . . .. . |
1311 |
5 |
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II. Corinthians. . . . . . |
1230 |
13 |
II. Peter. . . . . . . . . . . . . |
1317 |
3 |
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Galatians. . . . . . .. . . |
1241 |
6 |
I. John . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
1321 |
5 |
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Ephesians. . . . . . .. . . . |
1249 |
6 |
II. John . . . . . . . . . . .. . . |
1326 |
1 |
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Philippians. . . . . . . . . . |
1257 |
4 |
III. John. . . . . . . . . . .. . . |
1327 |
1 |
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Colossians. . . . . . .. . .. |
1262 |
4 I |
Jude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
1328 |
1 |
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I Thessalonians. . . . . . |
1267 |
5 |
Revelation. . . . . . . . . . . |
1330 |
22 |
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II. Thessalonians. .. . . . |
1271 |
3 |
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60 |
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Theories of Language in a Rabbinic Ascent Text
Naomi Janowitz 1989
Sources and Parallels
Page 118
There are twelve thousand myriads of bridges, six above and six below; twelve thousand myriads of rivers of fire, six above and six below; twelve thousand treasuries of snow, six above and six below; twenty-four thousand myriads of wheels of fire, twelve above and twelve below, surrounding the bridges, the riv-ers of fire, the rivers of hail, the treasuries of snow and the ministering angels. How many ministering angels are at each entrance? Six for every human being, and they stand in the midst of the entrances, facing the paths of heaven. (5) What does YHWH, the God of Israel, the glorious king, do. The great God, mighty in power, covers his face.. (6) In Arabot there are 660 thousands of myriads of glorious angels, hewn out of flam-ing fire, standing opposite the throne of glory. The glorious King covers his face, otherwise the heaven of Arabot would burst open in the middle, because of the glorious brilliance, beautiful brightness, lovely splendor, and radiant praises of the appearance of the Holy One, blessed be he.
16 1+6 64 = 2+8 1+0
AZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZ
Hello that thee, hello that me, hello that she, hello that he, hello that her, hello that him. At this Alizzed the scribe shadows and goodness knows who, laughed on the other side of their faces. You should have seen them, oh, they didn't half laugh.
THE ALPHABET
A KEY TO THE
HISTORY OF MANKIND
David Diringer 1947
This of that, that has arrived said the scribe, what's the quote? That iz,said Zed Aliz
973
NINESEVENTHREE
973
OMMANIPADMEHUM
All then made humble and blessed submergence
INTO
THAT
AZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZ
973
NINE
9
17 1+7 32 + 62 13 1+3 22 2+2 35 3+5
A MEETING OF MINDS, NOT MIND, MINDS
FINGERPRINTS OF THE GODS
Graham Hancock 1995
Page 478
The machine
How high was the knowledge of those prehistoric inventors?
'They knew their epochs,' said Bauval, 'and the clock that they used was the natural clock of the stars. Their working language was precessional astronomy and these monuments express that language in a very clear, unambiguous, scientific manner. They were also highly skilled surveyors - I mean the people who originally prepared the site and laid out the orientations for the pyramids - because they worked to an exacting geometry and because they knew how to align the base-platforms, or whatever it was they built, perfectly to the cardinal points.'
'Do you think they also knew that they were marking out the site of the Great Pyramid on latitude 30° North?'
Bauval laughed: 'I'm certain they knew. I think they knew everything about the shape of the earth. They knew their astronomy. They had a good understanding of the solar system and of celestial mechanics. They were also incredibly accurate and incredibly precise in everything they did. So, all in all, I don't think anything really happened here by chance - at least not between 10450 and 2450 BC. I get the feeling that everything was planned, intended, carefully worked out. . . Indeed I get the feeling that they were fulfilling a long- term objective - some kind of purpose, if you like, and that they brought this to fruition in the third millennium BC . 'In the form of the fully built pyramids which they then precessionally anchored to Al Nitak and to Sirius at the time of completion?'
'Yes. And also, I think, in the form of the Pyramid Texts. My guess is that the Pyramid Texts are part of the puzzle.'
'The software to the Pyramids' hardware?'
'Quite possibly. Why not? At any rate it's certain that there's a connection. I think what it means is that if we're going to decode the pyramids properly then we're going to have to use the Texts. ..' ,
Page 479
'What's your guess?' I asked Bauval. 'What do you think the purpose of the pyramid builders really might have been?'
'They didn't do it because they wanted an eternal tomb,' he replied firmly. 'In my view, they had no doubts at all that they would eternally live. They did it - whoever did it - they have transmitted the power of their ideas through something that is to all intents and purposes eternal. They succeeded in creating a force that is functional in itself, provided you understand it, and that force is the questions it challenges you to ask. My guess is that they knew the human mind to perfection. They knew the game of ritual. . . Right? I'm serious. They knew what they were doing. They knew that they could initiate people far ahead in the future into their way of thinking even though they couldn't be there themselves. They knew that they could do this by creating an eternal machine, the function of which was to generate questions.'
I suppose that I must have looked puzzled.
'The machine is the pyramids!' Bauval exclaimed, 'the whole of the Giza necropolis really. And look at us. What are we doing? We're asking questions. We're standing out here, shivering, at an ungodly hour, watching the sun come up, and we're asking questions, lots and lots of questions just as we've been programmed to do. We're in the hands of real magicians here, and real magicians know that with symbols - with the right symbols, with the right questions - they can lead you into initiating yourself. Provided, that is, you are a person who asks questions. And, if you are, then the minute you start asking questions about the pyramids you begin to stumble into a whole series of answers which lead you to other questions, and then more answers until finally you initiate yourself. . .'
'Sow the seed. . .'
'Yes. They were sowing the seed. Believe me, they were magicians, and they knew the power of ideas. . . They knew how to set ideas growing and developing in people's minds. And if you start with such ideas, and follow the process of reasoning like I did, you arrive at things like Orion, and 10450 bC. In short, this is a process that works on its own. When it enters, when it settles inro the subconscious, it is a self-willing conversion. Once it's there you can't even resist it . . .'
'You're talking as though this Giza cult, whatever it was - revolving / Page 480 / around precession, and geometry, and the pyramids, and the Pyramid Texts - you're talking as though it still exists.'
'In a sense it does still exist,' Robert replied. 'Even if the driver is no longer at the wheel, the Giza necropolis is still a machine that was designed to provoke questions.' He paused and pointed up to the summit of the Great Pyramid where Santha and I had climbed, at dead of night, nine months previously. 'Look at its power,' he continued. 'Five thousand years on it still gets you. It involves you whether you like it or not. . . It forces you into a process of thinking . . . forces you to learn. The minute you ask a question about it you've asked a question about engineering, you've asked a question about geometry, you've asked a question about astronomy. So it forces you to learn about engineering and geometry and astronomy, and gradually you begin to realize how sophisticated it is, how incredibly clever and skilful and knowledgeable its builders must have been, which forces you to ask questions about mankind, about human history, eventually about yourself too. You want to find out. This is the power of the thing.'
The second signature
As Robert, Santha and I sat out on the Giza plateau that cold December morning at the end of 1993, we watched the winter sun, now very close to solstice, rising over the right shoulder of the Sphinx, almost as far south of east as it would travel on its yearly journey before turning north again.
The Sphinx was an equinoctial marker, with its gaze directed precisely at the point of sunrise on the vernal equinox. Was it, too, part of the Giza 'grand plan'?
I reminded myself that in any epoch, and at any period of history or prehistory, the Sphinx's due east gaze would always have been sighted on the equinoctial rising of the sun, at both the vernal and the autumnal equinoxes. As the reader will recall from Part V, however, it was the vernal equinox that was considered by ancient man to be the marker of the astronomical age. In the words of Santillana and von Dechend:
Page 481
The constellation that rose in the east, just before the sun, marked the 'place' where the sun rested. . . It was known as the sun's 'carrier' and the vernal equinox was recognised as the fiducial point of the 'system' determining the first degree of the sun's yearly cycle. . .'15
Why should an equinoctial marker have been made in the shape of a giant lion?
In our own lifetimes, the epoch of AD 2000, a more suitable shape for such a marker - should anyone wish to build one - would be a representation of a fish. This is because the sun on the vernal equinox rises against the stellar background of Pisces, as it has done for approximately the last 2000 years. The astronomical Age of Pisces began around the time of Christ.16 Readers must judge for themselves whether it is a coincidence that the principal symbol used for Christ by the very early Christians was not the cross but the fish.17
During the preceeding age, which broadly-speaking encompassed the first and second millennia BC, it was the constellation of Aries - the Ram - which had the honour of carrying the sun on the vernal equinox. Again, readers must judge whether it is a coincidence that the religious iconography of that epoch was predominantly ram-oriented. Is it a coincidence, for example, that Yahweh, God of Old Testament Israel, provided a ram as a substitute for Abraham's offered sacrifice of his son Isaac?19 (Abraham and Isaac are assumed by biblical scholars and archaeologists to have lived during the early second millennium BC)20. Is it likewise coincidental that rams, in one context or another, are referred to in almost every book of the Old Testament (entirely composed during the Age of Aries) but in not a single book of the New Testament?21 And is it an accident that the advent of the Age of Aries, shortly before the beginning of the second millennium BC, was accompanied in Ancient Egypt by an upsurge in the worship of the god Amon whose symbol was a ram with curled horns?22 Work on the principal sanctuary of Amon - the Temple of Karnak at Luxor in upper Egypt - was begun at around 2000 BC23 and, as those who have visited that temple will recall, its principal icons are rams, long rows of which guard its entrances.
The immediate predecessor to the Age of Aries was the Age of Taurus - the Bull-which spanned the period between 4380 and 2200 BC:" It was during this precessional epoch, when the sun on the vernal / Page 482 / equinox rose in the constellation of Taurus, that the Bull-cult of Minoan Crete flourished!' And during this epoch, too, the civiliza-tion of dynastic Egypt burst upon the historical scene, fully formed, apparently without antecedents. Readers must judge whether it is a coincidence that Egyptians at the very beginning of the dynastic period were already venerating the Apis and Mnevis Bulls - the former being considered a theophany of the god Osiris and the latter, the sacred animal of Helipolis, a theophany of the god Ra 26..."
THAT
forever LOVING LIVING miracle
THAT is the creative essence of the THAT
zazazazazazazazaza
AZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZ
Creatively living, loving, and giving, we offer obeiseance and obedience to the beloved.
THAT
BEHOLD
THE RAINBOW
ARCH OF THAT COVENANT
NINE 9 SEVEN 7 THREE 3
THE SPLENDOUR THAT WAS EGYPT
Margaret A. Murray 1951
Page 12
"... Manetho begins his history with dynasties of gods and demi-gods who reigned for a fabulous length of time. The copies of his history by Syncellus and Eusebius give 86,525 years as the duration of Egyptian history from the beginning of the first dynasty of the gods till the end of the thirtieth historic dynasty; "which number of years, resolved and divided into its constituent parts, that is to say, 25 times 14-61 years, shows that it is related to the fabled periodical revolution of the Zodiac among the Egyptians and Greeks; that is, its revolution from a particular point to the same again, which point is the first minute of the first degree of that equinoctial sign which they call the Ram, as it is explained in the Genesis of Hermes and in the Cyrannian Books..."
WHY RAM, MARY ? MARY, Y RAM
Page 101
seven or nine
or multiples of those numbers".
A
MAZE
IN
WHY RAM, MARY ? MARY, Y RAM
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Graham Hancock 1995
Page 482
"Why should an equinoctial marker have been made in the form of a lion?
I looked down the slope of the Giza plateau towards the great leonine body of the Sphinx.
Khafre, the Fourth Dynasty pharaoh believed by Egyptologists to have carved the monument out of bedrock around 2500 BC, had been a monarch of the Age of Taurus. For almost 1800 years before his reign, and more than 300 years after it, the sun on the vernal equinox rose unfailingly in the constellation of the Bull. It follows that if a monarch at such a time had set out to create an equinoctial marker at Giza, he would have had every reason to have it carved in the form of a bull, and none whatsoever to have it carved in the form of a lion. Indeed, and it was obvious, there was only one epoch when the celestial symbolism of a leonine equinoctial marker would have been appropriate. That epoch was, of course, the Age of Leo, from 10970 to 8810 BC27
Why, therefore, should an equinoctial marker have been made in the shape of a lion? Because it was made during the Age of Leo when the sun on the vernal equinox rose against the stellar background of the constellation of the Lion, thus marking the coordinates of a precessional epoch that would not experience its 'Great Return' for another 26,000 years.
Around 10450 BC the three stars of Orion's Belt reached the lowest point in their precessional cycle: west of the Milky Way,11 ° 08' above the southern horizon at meridian transit. On the ground west of the Nile, this event was frozen into architecture in the shape of the three pyramids of Giza. Their layout formed the signature of an unmistak-able epoch of precessional time.
Around 10450 BC, the sun on the vernal equinox rose in the / ( Page 483 diagram omitted ) / Page 484 constellation of Leo. On the ground at Giza, this event was frozen into architecture in the shape of the Sphinx, a gigantic, leonine, equinoctial marker which, like the second signature on an official document, could be taken as a confirmation of authenticity.
The eleventh millennium BC, in other words, soon after the' Mill of Heaven' broke, shifting sunrise on the spring equinox from Virgo into the constellation of Leo, was the only epoch in which the due east facing Sphinx would have manifested exactly the right symbolic alignment on exactly the right day - watching the vernal sun rising in the dawn sky against the background of his own celestial counter-part...
Forcing the question
'It can't be a coincidence that such a perfect alignment of the terrestrial and the celestial occurs at around 10450 BC,' said Robert. 'In fact I don't think coincidence is any longer an issue. To me the real question is Why was it done? Why did they go to such lengths to make this enormous statement about the eleventh millennium BC?'
'Obviously because it was an important time for them,' suggested Santha.
'It must have been very, very important. You don't do something like this, create a series of vast precessional markers like these, carve a Sphinx, put up three pyramids weighing almost 15 million tons, unless you have some hugely important reason. So the question is:w what as that reason? They've forced this question by making such a strong, imperative statement about 10450 BC. Really, they've forced the question. They want to draw our attention to 10450 BC and it's up to us to work out why.'
We fell silent, for a long while as the sun climbed the sky south-east of the Great Sphinx."
NINE 9 SEVEN 7 THREE 3
A MAZE IN GRACE
AZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZ
KEEPER OF GENESIS
Robert Bauval Graham Hancock 1996
Page 252 Chapter 16
'We have reached this fascinating point in
our evolution. . . we have reached the time
when we know we can talk to each other
across the distances between the stars. . . '
Dr John Billingham, NASA Ames Research Center, 1995
"Together with the ancient texts and rituals that are linked to them, could the vast monuments of the Giza necropolis have been designed to transmit a message from one culture to another - a message not across space, but across time?
Egyptologists reply to such questions by rolling their eyes and hooting derisively, Indeed they would not be 'Egyptologists' (or at any rate they could not long remain within that profession) if they reacted with anything other than scorn and disbelief to suggestions that the necropolis might be more than a cemetery, that the Great Sphinx might significantly predate the epoch of 2500 BC, and that the Pyramids might not be just 'royal tombs'. By the same token, no self- respecting Egyptologist would be prepared to consider, even for a moment, the outlandish possibility that some sort of mysterious 'message' might have been encoded into the monuments.
So whom should we turn to for advice when confronted by what we suspect may be a message from a civilization so far distant from us in time as to be almost unknowable?
Anti-cipher
The only scientists actively working on such problems today are those involved in the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence - SETI for / Page 253 / short. They endlessly sweep the heavens for messages from distant civilizations and they have therefore naturally had to give some thought to what might happen if they ever did identify such a message. According to Dr Philip Morisson of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology:
To begin with we would know very little about it. If we received it we would not understand what we're getting. But we would have an unmistakable signal, full of structure, full of challenge. The best people would try to decode it, and it will be easy to do because those who have constructed it would have made it easy to decode, otherwise there's no point. This is anti-cryptography: 'I want to make a message for you, who never got in touch with any symbols of mine, no key no clue, nevertheless you'll be able to read it . . .' I would have to fill it full of clues and unmistakable clever devices. . .1
In his book, Cosmos, Professor Carl Sagan of Cornell University makes much the same point - and does so, curiously enough, with reference to the ancient Egyptian hieroglyphic system. He explains that the 'Egyptian hieroglyphics are, in significant part, a simple substitution cipher. But not every hieroglyph is a letter or syllable. Some are pictographs. . .' When it came to translation, this 'mix of letters and pictographs caused some grief for interpreters. . .' In the early nineteenth century, however, a breakthrough was made by the French scholar Champollion who deciphered the famous 'Rosetta Stone', a slab of black basalt bearing identical inscriptions in Egyptian hieroglyphics and in Greek. Since Champollion could read the Greek, all he needed was some kind of 'key' to relate specific hieroglyphs to specific Greek words or letters. This key was provided by the constant repetition in the Greek text of the name of Pharaoh Ptolemy V and an equal number of repetitions in the Egyptian text of a distinctive oblong enclosure - known as a cartouche - containing a repeated group of hieroglyphs. As Sagan comments:
The cartouches were the key. . . almost as though the Pharaohs of Egypt had circled their own names to make the going easier for Egyptologists two thousand years in the future. . . What a joy it must have been [for Champollion] to open this one-way communication channel with another civilization, to permit a culture that had been / Page 254 / mute for millennia to speak of its history, magic, medicine, religion, politics and philosophy.2
Professor Sagan then offers a comparison that is highly apposite to our present inquiry. 'Today,' he says:
we are again seeking messages from an ancient and exotic civilization, this time hidden from us not only in time, but in space. If we should receive a radio message from an extraterrestrial civilization, how could it possibly be understood? Extraterrestrial intelligence will be elegant, complex, internally consistent and utterly alien. Extraterrestrials would, of course, wish to make a message sent to us as comprehensible as possible. But how could they? Is there in any sense an interstellar Rosetta Stone? We believe there is a common language that all technical civilizations, no matter how different, must have. That common language is science and mathematics. The laws of Nature are the same everywhere.3
It seems to us that if there is indeed a very ancient 'message' at Giza then it is likely to be expressed in the language of science and mathematics that Sagan identifies - and for the same reason. Moreover, given its need to continue 'transmitting' coherently across thousands of years (and chasms of cultural change), we think that the composer of such a message would be likely to make use of the Precession of the Equinoxes, the one particular 'law of Nature' that can be said to govern, and measure - and identify - long periods of terrestrial time.
Durable vehicles
The Pyramids and the Great Sphinx at Giza are, above all else, as elegant, as complex, as internally consistent and as utterly 'alien' as the extraterrestrial intelligence that Sagan envisages (alien in the sense of the tremendous, almost superhuman scale of these structures and of their uncanny - and in our terms apparently unnecessary - precision).
Moreover, returning briefly to Dr Philip Morisson's remarks quoted earlier, we think that the Giza necropolis also qualifies rather well for the description 'packed full of clues and unmistakable clever devices'.4 Indeed, it seems to us that a truly astonishing quantum of / Page 255 / ingenuity was invested by the Pyramid builders to ensure that the four fundamental aspects of an 'unmistakable' message were thoroughly elaborated here:
1 the creation of durable, unequivocal markers which could serve as beacons to inflame the curiosity and engage the intelligence of future generations of seekers;
2 the use of the 'common language' of precessional astronomy;
3 the use of precessional co-ordinates to signal specific time- referents linking past to present and present to future;
4 Cunningly concealed store-rooms, or 'Halls of Records' that could only be found and entered by those who were fully initiated in the 'silent language' and thus could read and follow its clues.
In addition, though the monuments are enabled to 'speak' from the moment that their astronomical context is understood, we have also to consider the amazing profusion of funerary texts that have come down to us from all periods of Egyptian history - all apparently emanating from the same very few common sources.5 As we have seen, these texts operate like 'software' to the monuments' 'hardware', charting the route that the Horus-King (and all other future seekers) must follow.
We recall a remark made by Giorgio de Santillana and Hertha von Dechend in Hamlet's Mill to the effect that the great strength of myths as vehicles for specific technical information is that they are capable of transmitting that information independently of the knowledge of individual story-tellers.6 In other words as long as a myth continues to be told true, it will also continue to transmit any higher message that may be concealed within its structure - even if neither the teller nor the hearer understands that message.
So, too, we suspect, with the ancient Egyptian funerary texts. We would be surprised if the owners of many of the coffins and tomb walls onto which they were copied had even the faintest inkling that specific astronomical observations and directions were being dupli- cated at their expense. What motivated them was precisely what the texts offered - the lure of immortal life. Yet by taking that lure did they not in fact guarantee a kind of immortality for the texts themselves? Did they not ensure that so many faithful copies would / Page 256 / be made that some at least would be bound to survive for many thousands of years?
We think that there were always people who understood the true 'science of immortality' connected to the texts, and who were able to read the astronomical allegories in which deeper secrets, not granted to the common herd, lay concealed. We presume that these people were once called the 'Followers of Horus', that they operated as an invisible college behind the scenes in Egyptian prehistory and history, that their primary cult centre was at Giza-Heliopolis, and that they were responsible for the initiation of kings and the realization of blueprints. We also think that the timetables they worked to - and almost everything of significance that they did - was in one way or another written in the stars.
Hints and memories
The powerfully astronomical character of the Giza necropolis, although ignored by Egyptologists, has been recognized by open- minded and intuitive researchers throughout history. The Hermetic Neoplatonists of Alexandria, for example, appear to have been acutely sensitive to the possibility of a 'message' and were quick to discern the strong astral qualities of the textual material and the monuments.' 7 The scholar Proclus (fifth century AD) also acknowledged that the Great Pyramid was astronomically designed - and with certain specific stars in mind. Indeed, in his commentary on Plato's Timaeus (which deals with the story of the lost civilization of 'Atlantis'), Proclus reported strangely that 'the Great Pyramid was used as an observation for Sirius'.8
Vague memories of an astronomically constructed 'message' at Giza appear to have filtered down to the Middle Ages. At any rate the Arab chroniclers in this period spoke of the Great Pyramid as 'a temple to the stars' and frequently connected it to the Biblical 'Flood' which they dated to circa 10,300 BC.9 Also of relevance is a report written by the Arab geographer Yakut al Hamawi (eleventh century AD) to the effect that the star-worshippers of Harran, the Sabians (whose 'holy books' were supposedly the writings ofThoth-Hermes) came at that time on special pilgrimages to the Pyramids at Giza.10 It / Page 257 / has also been pointed out that the very name of the Sabians - in Arabic Sa' Ba - almost certainly derived from the ancient Egyptian word for star, i.e. Sba..11 And the reader will recall from Part I that as far back as the early second millennium BC - i.e. almost three thousand years before Yakut al Hamawi left us his report connecting the Sabians to the Pyramids - pilgrims from Harran are known to have visited the Sphinx which they worshipped as a god under the name Hwl.12
In the seventeenth century, the British mathematician Sir Isaac Newton became deeply interested in the Great Pyramid and wrote a dissertation on its mathematical and geodetic qualities based on data that had been gathered at Giza by Dr John Greaves, the Savillian Professor of Astronomy at Oxford.13 Later, in 1865 the Astronomer Royal of Scotland, Charles Piazzi Smyth, launched an investigation into the Great Pyramid which he was convinced was an instrument of prophecy that incorporated a Messianic 'message'. It was Piazzi Smyth who first accurately measured and demonstrated the intense polar and meridional alignments of the monument, the precision of which he assigned to sightings of the ancient Pole star, Alpha Draconis.14
In the first half of the twentieth century, a succession of eminent astronomers - such as Richard Proctor, Eugene Antoniadi, Jean Baptiste Biot and Norman Lockyer - made persistent attempts to draw attention to the astronomical qualities of the Giza monuments. Their efforts, however, had little impact on professional Egyptolo-gists who by this time felt that they had got the whole intellectual business of the necropolis 'wrapped up' (it was a cemetery), did not understand astronomy at all (and claimed that the ancient Egyptians didn't either), and routinely ganged up to debunk, deride or simply ignore any astronomical 'theories' which diverged from their consensus.
Despite this hostile intellectual climate, we are of the opinion at the end of our own research that the big question is no longer whether the monuments of Giza were designed to express key astronomical and mathematical principles, but why.
Once again, the clue may lie in the narrow star-shafts of the Great Pyramid.
Page 258 /
The language of the stars
The first major breakthrough in understanding the function of the Great Pyramid's shafts was made in. the summer of 1963 by the American astronomer Virginia Trimble and the Egyptologist-archi-tect, Dr Alexander Badawy. It came about because they decided to follow up Badawy's 'hunch' that the shafts might not be 'ventilation channels' as Egyptologists supposed, 15 but might instead prove to have a symbolic function related to the astral rituals of the Pyramid builders. Virginia Trimble was able to buttress her colleague's intuition by showing that the shafts from the King's Chamber had pointed, in the epoch of 2500 BC, to major star systems that were of crucial importance to the Pyramid builders. As readers will recall from Part I, the northern shaft had been targeted on Alpha Draconis - the Pole Star in the Pyramid Age - and the southern shaft had been targeted on Orion's belt.16
Today Virginia Trimble is a senior professor of astronomy at UCLA and the University of Maryland and is also the Vice-President of the American Astronomical Society. Her views, as well as being enlightened by a comprehensive grasp of astronomy, accord fully with common sense:
Which constellations the Egyptians saw in the sky is still something of a mystery. . . but they had one constellation that was an erect standing man, Osiris, the god. And the one constellation that looks like a standing man to everyone is Orion, and the identification between a deceased Pharaoh and the god Osiris made Orion immediately a candidate for a shaft whose sole purpose was to enable the soul of the Pharaoh to communicate between earth and sky. . .17
When we met Virginia Trimble we immediately realized we were in the presence of an acute and formidable thinker. Alexander Badawy had passed away in the late 1980s yet she remained undaunted. She had concluded that the shafts were astronomically aligned, she said, and that they had an astronomical function, because logic and evidence dictated that this was the case.
Trimble's views have won general acceptance amongst senior astronomers. To give one recent example, Dr Mary Bruck of Edinburgh, writing in the Journal of the British Astronomical / Page 259 / Association in 1995, had this to say about the shafts: 'Their alignments are ... compatible with the hypothesis that they indicate the culmination of certain important stars around the 25th century BC . . . The addition of a Sirius shaft [southern shaft of the Queen's Chamber] to the Orion one strongly supports the claim that they have an astronomical significance.' 18
Thought-tools
We suggest that one of the major objectives of the unseen academy, whose members were known as the 'Followers of Horus', was to 'fix' the epoch of 2500 BC (i.e. 4500 years before the present) by using the Great Pyramid, its precisely angled shafts, and the stars of Orion's belt. We suggest that they envisaged those stars rather like the gauge of a gigantic sliding scale set across the south meridian. Once this 'thought-tool' was in place all they needed to do in order to determine a date either in the past or in the future was mentally to 'slide' the belt up or down the meridian from the 'zero point' targeted by the southern shaft of the King's Chamber.
We also suggest that a second and somewhat similar 'thought-tool' was attached to the ecliptic (the apparent annual path of the sun through the twelve constellations of the zodiac). Here the gauge was the vernal point. By mentally sliding it to the left (east) or to the right (west) of a 'fixed' marker on the ecliptic the 'Followers of Horus' would once again have been able to determine and denominate either a past date or a date in the future. . .
In our own epoch, circa AD 2000, the vernal point is poised to enter the sign or 'Age' of Aquarius. For a little over 2000 years it has been passing through Pisces (160 BC to AD 2000) and before that it was in Aries (2320 BC to 160 BC).ln the Pyramid Age the vernal point slowly swept through Taurus (4480 BC to 2320 BC). Going further back we reach the 'Ages' of Gemini (6640 BC to 4480 BC) and then Cancer (8800 BC to 6640 BC). After six 'Great Months' we reach the Age of Leo (10,960BC to 8800 BC).
Now imagine that we find an ancient document at Giza which states that it was composed when the vernal point was in the sign of the Ram - i.e. when the sun on the spring equinox rose against the / Page 260 / stellar background of the constellation of Aries. Armed with this information all that we can do is roughly bracket the document's date as being somewhere between 2320 BC and 160 BC. What we need in order to arrive at a more precise chronology is some means to 'fine-tune' the vernal point. It is here that the specific utility of the sliding scale at the meridian becomes apparent because if the ancient document not only stated which zodiacal sign housed the vernal point but also advised that the lowest star of Orion's belt crossed the meridian at an altitude of 50 degrees above the horizon then we would be able, using precession, to calculate with great accuracy that the date in question must be very near 1400 BC.19
The Pyramid Age occurred when the vernal point was in Taurus and, as we have seen, the fine-tuning permitted by the 45-degree angle of the Great Pyramid's 'Orion shaft' draws particular attention to the date of 2500 BC. With this date, 4500 years before the present, we can use precession to calculate the exact position of the vernal point - which, as the reader will recall, was near the head of the Hyades-Taurus at that time, close to the right (i.e. west) bank of the Milky Way.
The reader will also not have forgotten that this is the 'address' given in the Pyramid Texts as the starting point for the cosmic journey of the solar Horus-King. It is here that he receives his instructions to board the solar-bark and 'sail' across the Milky Way towards the 'horizon' to meet up with Horakhti. His direction of travel is, therefore, eastwards, i.e. to the left of the vernal point. In terms of the chronology of the 'Great Year' of precession (as distinct from the solar year), this means that the Horus-King is now poised to travel back in time towards the age of Leo-Horakhti and to a specific spot on the ecliptic path - 'The Splendid Place of the "First Time" ', . . . 'the place more noble than any place'.20
But where is that place? How is the Horus-King (initiate, seeker) to find it in the 2160-year, 30-degree swathe that the constellation of Leo occupies on the ecliptic?
The answer is that he would have to use the gauge of Orion's belt at the meridian to fine-tune the exact place of the vernal point and hence also to arrive at an exact date. In his mind's eye he would have to slide / Page 261 / the belt 'down' the meridian to its 'First Time' and then see how far to the east that operation had 'pushed' the vernal point along the ecliptic.
Wherever that place was would be the celestial destination that the 'Followers of Horus' were urging him to reach.
And it would, of course, have its counterpart on the ground at Giza, in the vicinity of the lion-bodied Sphinx. "
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The Zed Aliz Zed the scribe and attendant number of penumbraed shadows cross the shortest distance between two points.
THE SPLENDOUR THAT WAS EGYPT
Margaret A. Murray 1951
Page 12
"... Manetho begins his history with dynasties of gods and demi-gods who reigned for a fabulous length of time. The copies of his history by Syncellus and Eusebius give 86,525 years as the duration of Egyptian history from the beginning of the first dynasty of the gods till the end of the thirtieth historic dynasty; "which number of years, resolved and divided into its constituent parts, that is to say, 25 times 14-61 years, shows that it is related to the fabled periodical revolution of the Zodiac among the Egyptians and Greeks; that is, its revolution from a particular point to the same again, which point is the first minute of the first degree of that equinoctial sign which they call the Ram, as it is explained in the Genesis of Hermes and in the Cyrannian Books..."
WHY RAM, MARY ? MARY, Y RAM
Page 101
seven or nine
or multiples of those numbers".
"WOMAN DONT YOU KNOW WITH YOU I'M BORN AGAIN"
Line from song
FINGERPRINTS OF THE GODS
Graham Hancock 1995
Page 382 Chapter 41
"Conscious of being alone, this blessed and immortal being contrived to create two divine offspring, Shu, god of the air and dryness, and Tefnut the goddess of moisture: ' I thrust my phallus into my closed hand. I made my seed to enter my hand. I poured it into my own mouth. I evacuated under the form of Shu, I passed water under the form of Tefnut.' 7 "
Wilbur Smith 1993
Page 64
"...Out of the chaos and darkness of Nun rose Ammon-Ra, He- Who- Creates-Himself. I watched Ammon-Ra stroke his generative member, masturbating and spurting out his seminal seed in mighty waves that left the silver smear that we know as the Milky Way across the dark void. From this seed were generated Geb and Nut, the earth and the heaven. '
'Bak-her!' a single voice broke the tremulous silence of the temple. 'Bak-her! Amen!' The old abbot had not been able to contain himself, and now he endorsed my vision of the creation. I was so astonished by his change of heart that I almost forgot my next line. After all, he had been my sternest critic up to that time. I had won him over completely, and my voice soared in triumph.
'Geb and Nut coupled and copulated, as man and women do, and from their dreadful union were born the gods Osiris and Seth, and the goddesses Isis and Nephthys.'..."
Page 63
"...At the rear of the stage, hanging from floor to ceiling, were tightly stretched sheets of linen on which the artists from the necropolis had painted marvellous landscapes. In the half-light of the dusk and the flicker of the torches in their brackets the effect was so realistic as to transport the beholder into a different world in a distant time.
There were other delights that I had prepared for Pharaoh's amuse- ment, from cages of animals, birds and butterflies that would be released to simulate the creation of the world by the great god Ammon-Ra, to flares and torches that I had doctored with chemicals to bum with brilliant flames of crimson and green, and flood the stage with eerie light and smoke-clouds, like those of the underworld where the gods live.
'Mamose, son of Ra, may you be granted eternal life! We your loyal subjects, the citizens of Thebes, beg you to draw nigh and give your divine attention to this poor play that we dedicate to Your Majesty.'
My Lord Intef concluded his address of welcome and resumed his seat. To a fanfare of hidden rams' horns, I stepped out from behind the pillar and faced the audience. They had endured discomfort and boredom on the hard flagstones, and by now were ripe for the entertainment to begin. A raucous cheer greeted my entrance and even Pharaoh smiled in anticipation.
I held up both hands for silence, and only when it was total did I begin to speak my overture.
'While I walked in the sunlight, young and filled with the vigour of youth, I heard the fatal music the reeds by the bank of the Nile. I did not recognize the sound of this harp, and I had no fear, for I was in the full bloom of my manhood and secure in the affection of my beloved.
'The music was of surpassing beauty. Joyously I went to find the musician, and could not know that he was Death and that he played his harp to summon me alone.' We Egyptians are fascinated by death, and I had at once touched a deep chord within my audience. They sighed and shuddered.
'Death seized me and bore me up in his skeletal arms towards Ammon-Ra, the sun god, and I was become one with the white light of his being. At a great distance I heard my beloved weep, but I could not see her and all the days of my life were as though they had never been.' This was the first public recitation of my prose, and I knew almost at once that I had them, their faces were fascinated and intent. There was not a sound in the temple.
'Then Death set me down in a high place from which I could see the world like a shining round shield in the blue sea of the heavens. I saw all / Page 64 / men and all creatures who have ever lived. Like a mighty river, time ran backwards before mine eyes. For a hundred thousand years I watched their strivings and their deaths. I watched all men go from death and old age to infancy and birth. Time became more and more remote, going back until the birth of the first man and the first woman. I watched them at the moment of their birth and then before. At last there were no men upon the earth and only the gods existed.
'Yet still the river of time flowed back beyond the time of the gods into Nun, into the time of darkness and primordial chaos. The river of time could flow no further back and so reversed itself. Time began to run forward in the manner that was familiar to me from my days of life upon the earth, and I watched the passion of the gods played out before me.' My audience were all of them well versed in the theology of our pantheon, but none of them had ever heard the mysteries presented in such a novel fashion. They sat silent and enthralled as I went on.
'Out of the chaos and darkness of Nun rose Ammon-Ra, He- Who- Creates-Himself. I watched Ammon-Ra stroke his generative member, masturbating and spurting out his seminal seed in mighty waves that left the silver smear that we know as the Milky Way across the dark void. From this seed were generated Geb and Nut, the earth and the heaven. '
'Bak-her!' a single voice broke the tremulous silence of the temple. 'Bak-her! Amen!' The old abbot had not been able to contain himself, and now he endorsed my vision of the creation. I was so astonished by his change of heart that I almost forgot my next line. After all, he had been my sternest critic up to that time. I had won him over completely, and my voice soared in triumph.
'Geb and Nut coupled and copulated, as man and women do, and from their dreadful union were born the gods Osiris and Seth, and the goddesses Isis and Nephthys.'
I made a wide gesture and the linen curtains were drawn slowly aside to reveal the fantasy world that I had created. Nothing like this had ever been seen in Egypt before and the audience gasped with amazement. With measured tread I withdrew, and my place upon the stage was taken by the god Osiris. The audience recognized him instantly by the tall, bottle-shaped head-dress, by his arms crossed over his chest and by the crook and the flail he held before him. Every household kept his statuette in the family shrine.
A droning cry of reverence went up from every throat, and indeed the sedative that I had administered to Tod glittered weirdly in his eyes and gave him a strange, unearthly presence that was convincingly godlike. With the crook and the flail Osiris made mystical gestures and declaimed in sonorous tones, 'Behold Atur, the river!' ..."
THE DEATH OF FOREVER
Darryl Reanney 1991
Page103
"...No single feature of life's environment has impressed itself more strongly on the basic character of biological systems than this repetitive process, which has synchronised outer and inner time. Indeed, as I indicated in the previous chapter, our very sense of time is, I believe, a part-product of this profound imprinting.
Environmental cycles of day and month and year have become internaliscd in the workings of the human brain. The environmental clocks have become neural clocks. It is hardly surprising, then, that primitive man, in his quest to find order in the world around him, has reversed this process, externalising these cycles, basing his religions on the rhythms of the earth because they resonated so comfortingly with the rhythmns of his mind.
At the risk of overkill, let me repeat that the human experience was, (and is), dark (night) is always followed by light (day). Long periods of darkness (winter months) are always followed by long periods of light (summer months). The very chemical and electrical patterns of our brains reflect and reinforce this oscillatory character of nature. Hence, inevitably, death has become identified with sleep, to be followed (as our most basic experience 'proves'), by awakening.
I could cite thousands of examples from the traditions of many cultures, but a few familiar quotes show how profoundly this link between death and sleep influences us:
but sleeps; and soon he will arise and take
me by the hand, I know he will awake
and smile on me as he did yesterday
Jerome Bell
To sleep, perchance to dream, aye there's the rub
for in that sleep of death what dreams may come
when we have shuffled off this mortal coil
William Shakespeare in Hamlet
resurrection to come is the first fruits of those who have fallen asleep
I Corinthians 15:20
Are these ideas mere speculation or can they, in any meaningful way, be tested? I believe a test is possible. If the deep structure of / Page104 / these religious beliefs reflects innate patterns which are universally encoded in the human brain, then, according to my thesis, myths embodying these basic motifs should have appeared independently over and over again during the course of human evolution, in cultures that developed in isolation. ( Isolated, independent develop- ment means that a myth originating in one culture is unlikely to cross-contaminate others).
The death and resurrection motif is a case in point. Myths built around the idea of rebirth permeate religious traditions in cultures as far apart in space and time as the Aborigines of Australia, the Hindus of India, the peoples of ancient Egypt and the Jews of Palestine. From a global perspective, perhaps the two most 'successful' rebirth myths are those of Osiris in Egypt and Jesus in Israel.
Osiris was the son of Nut, the sky God, and Geb, the earth God. He married his sister Isis and reigned over earth in a Paradisic time of peace and justice. Osiris was killed by his jealous brother Set. He was eventually found by Isis but Set rediscovered the body, dismembered it, and scattered it throughout Egypt. Isis successfully reassembled the fragments, with the exception of the penis. At this point, the sun God Re sent Anubis, the jackal-headed God, to supervise the putting together of Osiris' body, which was wrapped in its own skin. Hence images of Osiris show him clothed in a shroud which covers his legs and his hands crossed on his chest. Isis and another sister, Nephthys, brought Osiris back to life by waving their arms to fan life back into the 'mummy'. Thus Osiris was born again, but as Lord of the Dead.
thy members are firm, thou smellest the air and goest out as a God, going out as Atum, O Osiris Tutankhamun.
In the living Egyptian religion, people saw the resurrection of Osiris as a pledge that they would live forever, provided their survivors did for them what the Gods had done for the body of Osiris. Thus the ceremonies performed over the dead human body were exact copies of those performed by Anubis and other Gods over the dead body of Osiris.
Page 105 / The intimate relationship between the basic day / night brain cycle and the saga of death and rebirth in ancient Egypt is powerfully shown in the 'union' of Osiris, Lord of the Dead, with Re, the sun God. One can see the link clearly in the reconstructed burial ritual of Tutankhamun. After the young King's body had been mummified and encased in its golden shell, ceremony focused on resurrection-the rebirth of the dead God.
Rather than recount this ceremony, which was exceedingly complex, I will quote passages from the elegant description by Egyptologist Christiane Desroches-Noblecourt which clearly show how deeply the day/night cycle shaped the Egyptian concept of rebirth after death. Thus:
would appear in the aspect of the rising sun, Re
the graves of the masters of Thebes repeated the dramatic story
of the sun's gestation and its rebirth at the fifth hour
emulating the sun, the king was to draw from the world of the
dead renewed strength for his morning rebirth
there remained the last act of the drama: rebirth. The room the
excavators called the annex was entirely dedicated to this, and
its door, which faces East, suggests that it was deliberately
orientated in this direction to favour the pharaoh's rising
after his transformations Osiris the King was to spring from the
horizon as Re, star of day
What could be clearer?
Experts on religion may object that the Pharaohs were 'God-Kings' hence the mode of their burial is not representative of the common faith of ancient Egypt. This may be true as regards the grandeur of the burial ceremonies, but the indestructible link between Egyptian belief in an afterlife and the image of the sun goes back to the roots of Egyptian life. Listen to this hymn to the sun God Re by an unknown Egyptian simply code-named N:
O all you gods of the Soul-mansion who judge sky and earth in the balance, who give food and provisions; 0 Tatenen, Unique One, creator of mankind; 0 Southern, Northern, Western and Eastern Enneads, give praise to Re, Lord of the Sky, the Sover- / Page 106 / eign who made the Gods. Worship him in his goodly shape when he appears in the Day-bark.
Echoes of this ancient belief persist into the modern age. During the First World War, soldiers spoke of their dead cornrades as having 'gone West', i.e. followed the setting sun. Similarly, some of our most popular hymns retain day/night symbolism:
that I have loved long since and lost awhile
Cardinal Newman (Lead Kindly Light)
Is this, one wonders, one reason why they are so well-beloved? The antiquity of the idea of rebirth and its deep association with the day / night cycle is shown in the idea of reincarnation. Whereas the religions of the Middle East show rebirth as a once-only affair, the older faiths of India show it in its repetitive form, which corresponds more closely with the underlying biological reality. In Indian tradition, the soul is repeatedly reborn: each death is followed by new life, just as each night is followed by new day, each winter by new spring.
Thus in the Gita of the Ayran Indians, the lord Shri Krishna says:
forth from the Unmanifest , and, when evening falls, they are
dissolved into It again
The same multitude of beings, which have lived on earth so often,
all are dissolved as the night of the universe approaches, to issue
forth anew when morning breaks. Thus it is ordained. "
The Alizzed transcribes the Magikalalphabet
SHRI KRISHNA
36 50 5+0 5+4 11 18 EIGHT 1+0 1+8 + 2+7
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Now do you understand, almost whispered Zed Aliz Zed gently
Darryl Reaney 1991
Page 106
"Perhaps the most telling trace of the age-old association between God and the sun survives in language. Our word divine stems from the Latin word for 'God' deus. But this in turn evolved from the Latin word dies, meaning day (daylight). English and Latin are both branches of the Indo-European root language in which dei meant to shine or be luminous. Thus the symbolism of sun worship has remained encoded in speech long after men have ceased to deify the sun in practice (of course the word 'deify' comes from the same, ancient source). Likewise, the holy day of the Christian week is still referred to as sunday. The head of Jesus on church frescoes and stained glass windows is often shown surrounded by a luminous 'halo', showing how a symbol of the sun has become identified with / Page107 / the central figure of Christian belief. And the date of Christmas, December 25, coincides closely with the winter solstice in the Northern hemisphere.
Itis small wonder that the Swiss psychologist Carl Jung described rebirth as 'an affirmation that must be counted on among the primordial affirmations of mankind'.
Page 101 / The latin prefix 're' usually has the sense / Page 102 / of 'again'. Can it be coincidence that the words we use to describe our fundamental myths and activities are not things we do but things we do again?
reproduction redemption
representation reincarnation
recognition rebirth
resurrection
Even the word re-ligion may fit this pattern: one of its possible meanings is 'bind (join) again'. In the Christian tradition, we are told that Christ 'rose again from the dead', despite the fact that the resurrection of his body was supposedly an unique, once-off affair.
Taken together, these facts tell us something quite fundamen- tal-that there is a natural and inevitable association between the concept of an afterlife and the enduring legacy of cyclic time. Far from being an innovation or an invention, the religious idea of rebirth, of life (light) after death (dark), is an expression of one of the oldest aspects of life on earth. Most 'higher' creatures exhibit daily circadian rhythmns (from Latin circa meaning about, die meaning day). It is possible to isolate mutants of the common fruit fly in which the clock governing these innate cycles no longer runs in twenty-four hour intervals. The gene governing this clock has now been identified and shown to be virtually the same in chickens, mice and humans. As the definitive text The Molecular Biology of the Gene notes significantly:
the inescapable conclusion is that we human beings. proud possessors of sophisticated intelligence. willfind that our behav- iour is governed to some extent by elementary biochemical reactions.
Thus resurrection and reincarnation have been successful in gaining adherents because they correspond deeply with the way our brains work. In an important sense, the rebirth of the self is a memory not a prediction-by the time we die, our mind clocks will have recorded, on average, about 27 000 successive 'rebirths'. This kind of calculation becomes more compelling if we extend it to cover not just the course of a human life but the course of life on earth. The mind clock carries a memory of approximately 1400 000 000 day/night cycles-the number of times the earth has turned on its / Page 103 / axis since life began. No single feature of life's environment has impressed itself more strongly on the basic character of biological systems than this repetitive process, which has synchronised outer and inner time. Indeed, as I indicated in the previous chapter, our very sense of time is, I believe, a part-product of this profound imprinting.
Environmental cycles of day and month and year have become internaliscd in the workings of the human brain. The environmental clocks have become neural clocks. It is hardly surprising, then, that primitive man, in his quest to find order in the world around him, has reversed this process, externalising these cycles, basing his religions on the rhythms of the earth because they resonated so comfortingly with the rhythmns of his mind.
At the risk of overkill, let me repeat that the human experience was, (and is), dark (night) is always followed by light (day). Long periods of darkness (winter months) are always followed by long periods of light (summer months). The very chemical and electrical patterns of our brains reflect and reinforce this oscillatory character of nature. Hence, inevitably, death has become identified with sleep, to be followed (as our most basic experience 'proves'), by awakening.
I could cite thousands of examples from the traditions of many cultures, but a few familiar quotes show how profoundly this link between death and sleep influences us:"
LIGHT . . . DARK
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JOSEPH AND HIS BROTHERS
Thomas Mann 1933
Page 914
"At On, Amenhotep entered his palace in the temple district and slept there dreamlessly the first night, exhausted from the journey. The following day he began by sacrificing to Re Horakhte with bread and beer, wine, birds, and incense. After that he listened to the Vizier of the North, who spoke before him at length, and then, regardless of the headache that had brought on, devoted the rest of the day to the much-desired talks with the priests of the God. These conferences, which at the moment greatly occupied Amenhotep's mind, had been taken up with the subject of the bird Bennu, also / Page 915 / 9 x 1 x 5 = 45 4 + 5 = 9 / called Offspring of Fire, because it was said that he was motherless, and moreover his own father, since dying and beginning were the same for him. For he burned himself up in his nest made of myrrh and came forth from the ashes again as young Bennu. This happened, some authorities said, every five hundred years; happened in fact in the temple of the sun at On, whither the bird, a heron-like eagle, purple and gold, came for the purpose from Arabia or even India. Other authorities asserted that it brought with it an egg made of myrrh as big as it could carry, wherein it had put its deceased father, that is to say actually itself, and laid it down on the sun-alter. These two assertions might subsist side by side - after all, there sub-sists so much side by side, differing things may both be true and only different expressions of the same truth. But what Pharaoh first wanted to know, what he wanted to discuss, was how much time had passed out of the five hundred years which lay between the bird and the egg; how far they were on the one hand from the last appearance and on the other from the next one; in short, at what point of the phoenix-year they stood. The majority opinion of the priests was that it must be somewhere about the middle of the period. They reasoned that if it was still near its beginning, then some memory of the last appear-ance of Bennu must still exist and that was not the case. But suppose they were near the end of one period and the beginning of the next; then they must reckon on the impending or immediate return of the time-bird. But none of them counted on having the experience in his lifetime so the only remaining possibility was that they were about the middle of the period. Some of the shiny pates went so far as to suspect that they would always remain in the middle, the mystery of the Bennu bird being precisely this: that the distance between the last appearance of the Phoenix and his next one was always the same, always a middle point. But the mystery was not in itself the important thing to Pharaoh. The burning question to be discussed, which was the object of his visit, and which then he did discuss for a whole half-day with the shiny-pates, was the doctrine that the fire-bird's myrrh egg in which he had shut up the body of his father did not thereby become heavier. For he had made it anyhow as large and heavy as he could possibly carry, and if he was still able to carry it after he had put his father's body in it, then it must follow that the egg had not thereby increased in weight.
That was an exiting and enchanting fact of world-wide impor-tance. In young Pharaoh's eyes it was worthy of the most circum-stantial exposition. If one added to a body another body and it did not become heavier thereby, that must mean there were immaterial bodies - or differently and better put, incorporeal realities, immaterial as sunlight; or, again differently and still better put, there was the spir-itual; and this spiritual was etherally embodied in the Bennu-father, Page 916 9 x 1 x 6 = 54 5 + 4 = 9 / whom the myrrh egg received while altering its character thereby in the most exciting and significant way. For the egg was altogether a definitely female kind of thing; only the female among birds laid eggs and nothing could be more mother-female than the great egg out of which once the world came forth. But Bennu the sun-bird, motherless and his own father, made his own egg himself, an egg against the natural order, a masculine egg, a father-egg, and laid it as a manifestation of fatherhood, spirit, and light upon the alabaster table of the sun-divinity.
Pharaoh could not talk enough with the sun calendar men of the temple of Re about this event and its significance for the developing nature of Aton. He discussed deep into the night, he discussed to excess, he wallowed in golden immateriality and father spirit, and when the priests were worn out and their shiny pates nodded, he was still not tired and could not summon resolution to dismiss them - almost as though he were afraid to stay alone. But at last he did dismiss them, nodding and stumbling to their rest, and himself sought his bedchamber. His dressing and undressing slave was an elderly man assigned to him as a boy, who called him Meni although not otherwise informal or lacking in respect. He had been awaiting his master for hours by the light of the hanging lamp and now quickly made him ready for the night. Then he flung himself on his face and withdrew to sleep on the threshold. Pharaoh for his part nestled into the cushions of his exquisitely ornate bed, which stood on a dais in the middle of the room, its headboard decorated with the finest ivory-work displaying figures of jackals, goats, and Bes. He fell almost at once into an exhausted sleep. But only for a short time. After a few hours of profound oblivion he began to dream: such com-plicated, impressive, absurd, and vivid dreaming as he had not done since he was a child with tonsillitis."
KEEPER OF GENESIS
Robert Bauval Graham Hancock 1996
Sages and 'Followers'
Page 215
The earliest-surviving references to the 'Followers of Horus' occur in the Pyramid Texts. It is therefore unlikely to be an accident that the notion in the Edfu Texts of the Great Primeval Mound emerging from the waters of a universal deluge coincides exactly with imagery that has also been preserved in the Pyramid Texts in which, as E. A. E. Reymond summarizes: 'The Earth in its earliest shape was pictured as a mound which emerged from the primeval water. This mound itself was then considered as a divine being, and as the original terrestrial configuration on which the creator, Atum, dwelt.' 28
As is well known, the compilation of the Pyramid Texts was undertaken by the priests of Heliopolis.29 It may therefore be of relevance that ancient Egyptian traditions attribute the founding of Heliopolis to the 'Followers of Horus' - in a period long before the beginning of Dynastic times - and that there is an Egyptian papyrus, now in the Berlin Museum, which clearly suggests that Heliopolis in some way 'existed before the earth was created'.30 Once again, this interlinks closely with a central proposition of the Edfu Texts, namely that the 'new world' created by the Sages after the Flood was conceived of and designed by its makers as 'the resurrection of the former world of the gods.' 31
There are other links too. For example what Reymond calls 'the manifestation of the resurrection of the first holy world' took the form in the Edfu Texts of an upright column or rod, 'the Perch' on which a great bird, the Divine Falcon, rested32 In Heliopolis there stood a pillar (indeed Innu, the Egyptian name for Heliopolis, actually means 'pillar,33) on which it was believed that another 'Divine' bird - the Bennu, or phoenix - periodically rested.34 And interestingly the hieroglyph for Heliopolis - a column surmounted by a cross above (or beside) a circle divided into eight parts 35 - is virtually identical to a hieroglyph depicting the Edfu 'Perch' that is reproduced by Flinders Petrie in his Royal Tombs of the Earliest Dynasties 36
For all these reasons, and many others, Reymond concludes that 'the Edfu documentary sources offer. . . one argument more in favour of the theory that the ritual of the Egyptian temple was Heliopolitan in origin. . . We are of the opinion that the Edfu records preserve the memory of a Predynastic religious centre which once / Page 216 / existed near to Memphis, which the Egyptians looked on as the homeland of the Egyptian temple.' 37
What better candidate is there for that 'Predynastic religious centre near to Memphis' - that 'homeland' of the Egyptian temple - than the sacred city of Heliopolis and its associated Pyramids and other structures on the Giza plateau? Moreover, as the reader will recall, the Giza / Heliopolis complex lies to the north of ancient Memphis. In this light a well-known text on the inner face of the enclosure wall of the temple at Edfu takes on a special meaning, for it tells us that the temple was built 'at the dictates of the Ancestors' according to what was written in a certain 'book' which had 'descended from the sky to the north of Memphis'. 38
There is of course a sense in which the cosmic monuments of Giza could themselves be said to be a kind of 'book' written in stone and 'descended from the sky' - for, as we now know, the three great Pyramids are the terrestrial counterparts of the three stars of Orion's belt and the Sphinx draws down to earth the regal image of Leo, the celestial lion.
Cycle of the phoenix
The Primeval Mound, identified with the Great Pyramid and with the natural mound of rock that is incorporated into the foundations of that monument, is envisaged in the Pyramid Texts as a place at once of birth and death, and also as a place of rebirth 39 These ideas fit well with the ancient Egyptian rituals for 'awakening Osiris' and attaining astral immortality - and with the quest of the Horus-King - that we have described in earlier chapters. They also accord with the sense that the texts convey of a cyclical rhythm at work in the universe as the vast 'Mill' of the zodiac grinds out the destiny of world ages.
In Heliopolitan theology, all these processes were grouped together, summarized and expressed in a single image - the Bennu bird, the legendary Phoenix which at certain widely separated intervals 'fashioned a nest of aromatic boughs and spices, set it on fire and was consumed in the flames. From the pyre miraculously sprang a new phoenix, which, after embalming its father's ashes in an egg of myrrh, flew with the ashes to Heliopolis where it deposited them in / Page 217 / the altar of the Egyptian sun-god, Re. A variant of the story made the dying phoenix fly to Heliopolis and immolate itself in the altar fire, from which the young phoenix then rose... The Egyptians associated the phoenix with immortality.' 40
Sources vary as to the period of the Bennu's return, but in his authoritative study on the subject R. T. Rundle Oark mentions the figure of 12,954 years:! Let us note that this figure accords very closely with a half-cycle of precession (where the full cycle, as we have seen, is 25,920 years). As such, 'the return of the phoenix' could be expressed in astronomical terms either as a slow 'sweep' of the vernal point through six houses of the zodiac - for example from the beginning of Leo to the beginning of Aquarius - or, at the meridian, as the number of years required for a star to move between its minimum and maximum altitudes above the horizon.
When considering such co-ordinates in the sky, we are immedi-ately reminded of the Giza necropolis - of how the gaze of the Great Sphinx targets the vernal point on the eastern horizon, and of how the star-shafts of the Great Pyramid lock in to the meridian with machine-age accuracy. Moreover it can hardly be an accident that the capstone or pyramidion placed on top of all pyramids was known in the ancient Egyptian language as the Benben and was considered to be a symbol of the Bennu bird (and thus also of rebirth and immortal-ity).42 These capstones were replicas of the original Benben stone - perhaps a conical, 'orientated' meteorite 43 - which was said to have 'fallen from heaven' and which was kept in Heliopolis, perched atop a pillar in a Temple called the 'Mansion of the Phoenix'.44
Is it not apparent, therefore, that we are confronted here by a tightly knit complex of interwoven ideas, all additionally complicated by masses of Egyptian dualism, in which stone stands for bird, and bird for stone,45 and both together speak of rebirth and of the 'eternal return'?
The capstone is of course missing from the summit of the Great Pyramid at Giza. And the Benben of Heliopolis was already long lost to history by the time of the Greeks. . . 46
Will these treasures, too, sooner or later 'return'?
ABBA
1 2 2 1
-Father, Ben, azin son,
and Benjamin, azin
Joseph and The Coat Of Many Colours
THE RA EXPEDITIONS
Thor Heyardal 1970
One Riddle, Two Answers and No Solution
Page 14
If the ancient civilizations of America had developed locally in Mexico or Peru, the archaeologists should be able to trace the sites where gradual development had taken place. But wherever a centre of civilization was found in Mexico or Peru, excavations proved that it had arrived in fully mature form, developing local variants later on. There was no clear beginning to be found anywhere. So the answer should be obvious: importation. If civilization began suddenly without local evolution, it must have been imported. Infiltration from overseas. Obviously. The only trouble was that at the time when the great civilizations were beginning to flourish in the New World, some centuries before Christ, if present theories hold good, a couple of thousand years had passed since corresponding culture had ceased to exist in Egypt. So the answer was not obvious at all. We were stuck. But why make a comparison only with Egypt? Why not with Phoenicia, for instance, where the chronology holds good? Why not with the island people of the Mediterranean?
Why build a papyrus boat? My thoughts floated away again. via America, right out into the Pacific. There I was on my home ground. It was there that I had devoted all my time to research and field work. I had been visiting Egypt simply as a tourist when I first saw the wall-paintings of reed boats in the Valley of Kings four years earlier. I had recognized the type of boat at once. It was of the same general type as the pyramid-builders in North Peru had painted on their ceramic pots when their civilization flourished in South America, long before Polynesia was inhabited. The largest reed boats in Peru were depicted as two-deckers. Quantities of water jars and other cargo were painted in on the lower deck. as well as rows of little people, and on the upper deck usually stood the earthly representative of the sun-god, the priest-king, larger than all his companions, surrounded by bird-headed men who were often hauling on ropes to help the reed boat through the water. The tomb paintings in Egypt also portrayed the sun-god's earthly representative. the priest-king known as the pharaoh, like an imposing giant on his reed boat, surrounded by miniature people, while / Page 15 /the same mythical men with bird heads towed the reed boat through the water.
Reed boats and bird-headed men seemed to go together, for some inexplicable reason. For we had found them far out in the Pacific Ocean too, on Easter Island, where the sun-god's mask, the reed boats with sails, and the men with bird heads formed an inseparable trio among the wall-paintings and reliefs in the ancient ceremonial village of Orongo, with its solar observatory. Easter Island, Peru, Egypt. These strange parallels could hardly have been found farther apart. Apparently they could hardly furnish better proof that men must have arrived independently at the same things in widely separated places. Apparently. But what was even more strange was that the aboriginal people of Easter Island called the sun ra. Ra was the name for the sun on all the hundreds of Polynesian islands, so it could be no mere accident. Ra was also the name for the sun in ancient Egypt. No word was more important to the ancient Egyptian religion than Ra, the sun, the sun-god, ancestor of the pharaohs. The one who sailed reed boats, with an entourage of bird- headed men. Giant monolithic statues as high as houses had been erected in honour of the sun-god's earthly priest-kings on Easter Island, in Peru and in ancient Egypt. And in all three places, solid rock had been sliced up like cheese into blocks as big as railway trucks and fitted together in stepped pyramids designed on an astronomical basis according to the movements of the sun. All in honour of the common ancestor, the sun, Ra. Was there some connection, or was it just coincidence?..."
Graham Hancock 1995
Page 382
"Despite such apparently inauspicious beginnings, Shu and Tefnut (who were always described as 'Twins' and frequently depicted as lions) grew to maturity, copulated and produced offspring of their own: Geb the god of the earth and Nut, the goddess of the sky. These two also mated, creating Osiris and Isis, Set and Nepthys, and so completed the Ennead, the full company of the Nine Gods of Heliopolis. Of the nine, Ra, Shu, Geb and Osiris were said to have ruled in Egypt as Kings, followed by Horus, and lastly - for 3226 years - by the Ibis-headed wisdom god Thoth.8"
" 3226 years "
3 x 2 x 2 x 6 = 72
KEEPER OF GENESIS
Robert Bauval Graham Hancock 1996
Page 248
"In short it seems that secret knowledge is indeed available in the myth of Osiris and in the dimensions of the Great Pyramid. With this secret knowledge, if we wanted to fix a specific date - say 1008 years in the future - and communicate it to other initiates, then we could do so with the 'special number' 14 (72 x 14 = 1008). We would also have to specify the 'zero point' from which they were to make their calculations - i.e the present epoch - and this might be done with
FINGERPRINTS OF THE GODS
Graham Hancock 1995
Graham Hancock 1995
Page 71 "...Osiris, The ancient Egyptian high god of death and resurrection..."
" He was plotted against by seventy-two members of his court, led by his brother- in -law Set..."
" Set, out hunting in the marshes, discovered the coffer, opened it and in a mad fury cut the royal corpse into fourteen pieces,..."
72 x 14
1008
Ra and the Eight
The Aliz Zed again makes emphasis
FINGERPRINTS OF THE GODS
Graham Hancock 1995
Page number 272 omitted.
The Osiris Numbers
Archaeo-astronomer Jane B. Sellers, who studied Egyptology at the University of Chicago's Oriental Institute, spends her winters in Portland, Maine, and summers at Ripley Neck, a nineteenth-century enclave 'downeast' on Maine's rocky coast. 'There,' she says, 'the night skies can be as clear as the desert, and no one minds if you read the Pyramid Texts out loud to the seagulls. . .'1
One of the few serious scholars to have tested the theory advanced by Santillana and von Dechend in Hamlet's Mill, Sellers has been hailed for having drawn attention to the need to use astronomy, and more particularly precession, for the proper study of ancient Egypt and its religion.2 In her words: 'Archaeologists by and large lack an understanding of precession, and this affects their conclusions concerning ancient myths, ancient gods and ancient temple alignments. . . For astronomers precession is a well-established fact; those working in the field of ancient man have a responsibility to attain an understanding of it,3
It is Sellers's contention, eloquently expressed in her recent book, The Death of Gods in Ancient Egypt, that the Osiris myth may have been deliberately encoded with a group of key numbers that are 'excess baggage' as far as the narrative is concerned but that offer an eternal calculus by which surprisingly exact values can be derived for the following:
1 The time required for the earth's slow precessional wobble to / Page 273 / cause the position of sunrise on the vernal equinox to complete a shift of one degree along the ecliptic (in relation to the stellar background);
2 The time required for the sun to pass through one full zodiacal segment of thirty degrees;
3 The time required for the sun to pass through two full zodiacal segments (totalling sixty degrees);
4 The time required to bring about the 'Great Return'4, i. e, for the sun to shift three hundred and sixty degrees along the ecliptic, thus fulfilling one complete precessional cycle or 'Great Year'.
Computing the Great Return
The precessional numbers highlighted by Sellers in the Osiris myth are 360, 72, 30 and 12. Most of them are found in a section of the myth which provides us with biographical details of the various characters. These have been conveniently summarized by E. A. Wallis Budge, formerly keeper of Egyptian Antiquities at the British Museum:
The goddess Nut, wife of the sun god Ra, was beloved by the god Geb. When Ra discovered the intrigue he cursed his wife and declared that she should not be delivered of a child in any month of any year. Then the god Thoth, who also loved Nut, played at tables with the moon and won from her five whole days. These he joined to the 360 days of which the year then consisted [emphasis added]. On the first of these five days Osiris was brought forth; and at the moment of his birth a voice was heard to proclaim that the lord of creation was born.5
Elsewhere the myth informs us that the 360-day year consists Of '12 months of 30 days each'.6 And in general, as Sellers observes, 'phrases are used which prompt simple mental calculations and an attention to numbers'.7
Thus far we have been provided with three of Sellers's precessional numbers: 360, 12 and 30. The fourth number, which occurs later in the text, is by far the most important. As we saw in Chapter Nine, the evil deity known as Set led a group of conspirators in a plot to kill Osiris. The number of these conspirators was 72.
Page 274 / With this last number in hand, suggests Sellers, we are now in a position to boot-up and set running an ancient computer programme:
12 = the number of constellations in the zodiac;
30 = the number of degrees allocated along the ecliptic to each zodiacal constellation;
72 = the number of years required for the equinoctial sun to complete a precessional shift of one degree along the ecliptic;
360 = the total number of degrees in the ecliptic;
72 x 30 = 2160 (the number of years required for the sun to complete a passage of 30 degrees along the ecliptic, i. e., to pass entirely through anyone of the 12 zodiacal constellations);
2160 x 12 (or 360 x 72) = 25,920 (the number of years in one complete precessional cycle or 'Great Year', and thus the total number of years required to bring about the 'Great Return').
Other figures and combinations of figures also emerge, for example:
36, the number of years required for the equinoctial sun to complete a precessional shift of half a degree along the ecliptic;
4320, the number of years required for the equinoctial sun to complete a precessional shift of 60 degrees (i. e., two zodiacal constellations).
These, Sellers believes, constitute the basic ingredients of a precessional code which appears again and again, with eerie persistence, in ancient myths and sacred architecture. In common with much esoteric numerology, it is a code in which it is permissible to shift decimal points to left or right at will and to make use of almost any conceivable combinations, permutations, multiplications, divisions and fractions of the essential numbers (all of which relate precisely to the rate of precession of the equinoxes).
The pre-eminent number in the code is 72. To this is frequently added 36, making 108, and it is permissible to multiply 108 by 100 to get 10,800 or to divide it by 2 to get 54, which may then be multiplied by 10 and expressed as 540 (or as 54,000. or as 540,000, or as 5,400,000, and so on). Also highly significant is 2160 (the number of years required for the equinoctial point to transit one zodiacal / Page 275 / constellation), which is sometimes multiplied by 10 and by factors of ten (to give 216,000, 2,160,000, and so on) and sometimes by 2 to give 4320, or 43,200, or 432,000, or 4,320,000, ad infinitum.
Better than Hipparchus
If Sellers is correct in her hypothesis that the calculus needed to produce these numbers was deliberately encoded into the Osiris myth to convey precessional information to initiates, we are confronted by an intriguing anomaly. If they are indeed about precession, the numbers are out of place in time. The science they contain is too advanced for them to have been calculated by any known civilization of antiquity.
Let us not forget that they occur in a myth which is present at the very dawn of writing in Egypt (indeed elements of the Osiris story are to be found in the Pyramid Texts dating back to around 2450 BC, in a context which suggests that they were exceedingly old even then8). Hipparchus, the so-called discoverer of precession lived in the second century BC. He proposed a value of 45 or 46 seconds of arc for one year of precessional motion. These figures yield a one-degree shift along the ecliptic in 80 years (at 45 arc seconds per annum), and in 78.26 years (at 46 arc seconds per annum). The true figure, as calculated by twentieth century science, is 71.6 years.9 If Sellers's theory is correct, therefore, the 'Osiris numbers', which give a value of 72 years, are significantly more accurate than those of Hipparchus. Indeed, within the obvious confines imposed by narrative structure, it is difficult to see how the number 72 could have been improved upon, even if the more precise figure had been known to the ancient myth-makers. One can hardly insert 71.6 conspirators into a story, but 72 will fit comfortably.
Working from this rounded-up figure, the Osiris myth is capable of yielding a value of 2160 years for a precessional shift through one complete house of the zodiac. The correct figure, according to today's calculations, is 2148 years.10 The Hipparchus figures are 2400 years and 2347.8 years respectively. Finally, Osiris enables us to calculate 25,920 as the number of years required for the fulfilment of a complete precessional cycle through 12 houses of the zodiac. / Page 276 / Hipparchus gives us either 28,800 or 28,173.6 years. The correct figure, by today's estimates, is 25,776 years.11 The Hipparchus calculations for the Great Return are therefore around 3000 years out of kilter. The Osiris calculations miss the true figure by only 144 years, and may well do so because the narrative context forced a rounding-up of the base number from the correct value of 71.6 to a more workable figure of 72.
All this, however, assumes that Sellers is right to suppose that the numbers 360, 72, 30 and 12 did not find their way into the Osiris myth by chance but were placed there deliberately by people who understood - and had accurately measured - precession.
Is Sellers right?
The scribe again counts letters
5 + 4
9
The twa brothers then Re - cap
KEEPER OF GENESIS
Robert Bauval Graham Hancock 1996
Page 248 /
"...In short it seems that secret knowledge is indeed available in the myth of Osiris and in the dimensions of the Great Pyramid. With this secret knowledge, if we wanted to fix a specific date - say 1008 years in the future - and communicate it to other initiates, then we could do so with the 'special number' 14 (72 x 14 = 1008). We would also have to specify the 'zero point' from which they were to make their calculations - i.e the present epoch - and this might be done with some kind of symbolic or mathematical marker to indicate where the vernal point presently is, i.e. moving out of Pisces and into Aquarius."
Thomas Mann, Joseph and His Brothers.
The Two Fine Gentlemen. Page 890. 8 x 9 iz 72.
"In all there were two and seventy conspirators privy to the plot. It was a proper and a pregnant number, for there had been just seventy-two when red Set lured Usir into the chest. And these seventy-two in their turn had had good cosmic ground to be no more and no less than that number. For it is just that number of groups of five weeks which make up the three hundred and sixty days of the year, not counting the odd days, and there are just seventy-two days in the dry fifth of the year, when the gauge shows that the Nourisher has reached his lowest ebb, and the god sinks into his grave. So where there is conspiracy anywhere in the world it is requisite and customary for the number of conspirators to be seventy-two. And if the plot fail, the failure shows that if this number had not been adhered to it would have failed even worse."
On this page 890, two and seventy occurs once. Seventy-two occurs four times. Five times seventy-two makes three hundred and sixty as in "three hundred and sixty days of the year not counting the odd days,"
Page 891. 8 x 9 x 1 = 72.
Second and third line down.
"Possibly at the last minute one of the seventy-two."
Graham Hancock. 1995
Page 274. "Seventy-two = the number of years required for the equinoctial sun to complete a precessional shift of one degree along the ecliptic."
During this stillness of a moving point the Zed Aliz Zed yon scribe and those come hither go thither, but mostly go thither shadows, accompanied wah Brother Graham on talkabout.
Graham Hancock. 1995
Page 310 Chapter 35.
"Khufu, Khafre, Menkaure . . . Cheops, Chephren, Mycernius. Whether they were referred to by their Egyptian or Greek names, the fact remained that these three pharaohs of the Fourth Dynasty ( 2575 - 2467 BC) were universally acclaimed as the builders of the Giza pyramids."
Fourth Dynasty ( 2575 - 2467 BC) . . . 2575 take away 2467 = 180.
AKHENATEN - NEFERTITI - TUTANKHAMUN
That rascal scribe, satisfied with an answer of sorts did a sum of the parts, and by addition did multiply.
Khufu 5, Khafre 6, Menkaure 8 . . . Cheops 6, Chephren 8, Mycernius 9.
5 + 6 + 8 = 19 . . . . . . . . . 6 + 8 + 9 = 23 . . . . . . . 19 + 23 = 42 . . . divided by the six names = 7
5 x 6 x 8 = 24 . . . . . . . . . 6 x 8 x 9 = 432 . . . . . . . 24 + 432 = 456
IN SEARCH OF THE MIRACULOUS
Fragments of an Unknown Teaching
P.D.Oupensky 1947
Page 96
9 x 6 = 54
" There exist not one, but three universal languages. The first of them can be spoken and written while remaining within the limits of ones' own language. The only difference is that when people speak in their ordinary language they do not understand one another but in this other language they do understand. In the second language, written language is the same for all peoples, like say figures or mathematical formulae; but people still speak their own language yet each of them understands the other even though the other speaks in an unknown language. The third language is the same for all both the written and the spoken. The difference of language disappears altogether on this level."
Thus spake the prophet Gurdjieff.
Page 283
"In western systems of occultism there is a method known by the name of 'theosophical addition', that is, the definition of numbers consisting of two or more digits by the sum of those digits. To people who do not understand the symbolism of numbers this method of synthesizing numbers seems to be absolutely arbitrary and to lead nowhere. But for a man who understands the unity of everything existing and who has the key to this unity the method of theosophical addition has a profound meaning, for it resolves all diversity into the fundamental laws which govern it and which are expressed in the numbers 1 to 10. As was mentioned earlier in symbology, as represented , numbers are connected with definate geometrical figures and are mutually complimentary one to another. In the Cabala a symbology of letters is also used and in combination with the symbology of letters a symbology of words.A combination of the four methods of symbolism by numbers, geometrical figures, letters and words, give a complicated but more perfect method."
Thus spake the prophet Gurdjieff
NUMEROLOGY
Geddes and Grosset 1999.
Introduction.
Page 5 "Nunerology is the name given to an ancient method of study-ing numbers that has been in use for thousands of years."
" The most popular form of numerology in use today is based on the work of Py-thagoras, the famous Greek mathematician and philosopher who lived during the sixth century bc."
" It was Pythagoras belief that numbers were the first of all things in nature. It was his belief that numbers were the basis of everything, in the natural, spiritual and scientific world. He believed that everything could be reduced to mathematical terms and that everything had a numerical value. Through studying the world in numerical form, he sought to achieve greater understanding of the world he lived in. Pythagoras, who believed that numbers created order and beauty, founded a school for students to follow his philosophy, and this was known as the Italic or Pythagorean School."
Page 6 " Pythagoras formulated the concept called the Music of the Spheres', based on the idea that all the planets in the universe formed a harmonious whole consisting of a mu-sical chorus. He discovered that there was a relationship between sound and numbers, and developed this discov-ery to form his metaphysical concept. He suggested that every planet was a certain distance from a central point in the universe and that if an invisible string connected each planet to the central point, when plucked the string would emit a certain tone or vibration. Each sound or vibration could be associated with a particular number. He also be-lieved that the sound or vibration of the universe dictated by the planets would have a strong influ-ence on the character of an individual born at that particu-lar time.
Numerologists believe that the numbers one to nine have specific characteristics , and these characteristics are the basis for the methods of analysis described in this book. The numbers one to nine are the only numbers that are / Page 7 / believed to be significant to numerology. All numbers greater than nine can be reduced to a single digit by the process of fadic addition, for example:
12 is reduced to 3 by adding 1 and 2;
49 is reduced to 4 by adding 4 and 9 which equals 13 and subsequently adding 1 and 3 to make 4."
A DICTIONARY OF CHINESE SYMBOLS
Hidden Symbols In Chinese Life And Thought
Wolfram Eberhard 1983
Page 207
The square of - three is a very potent male number, which plays an important part in the Yi-jing (the 'Book of Changes'). Thus, regarding the first hexagram: 'When only nines appear, this means: a troop of head-less - dragons appear. . . the whole sign qian (= the creative) is set in motion and turns into the sign kun (= the receptive)' (tr. Richard Wilhelm).
The ancient 'Book of Rites' (Li- ji) enumerates nine rites: 'Initiation ceremony of a male child, marriage, audience, embassies, burial, sacrifice, hospitality, ceremonial drinking, military traditions. In addition, we are told that these nine symbolise the five permutations of matter (- elements).
Expounding the principles of things, the earliest Chinese encyclo-paedia, the 'Spring and Autumn of Lii Bu-wei', says: '- Heaven has nine fields, - earth has nine regions, the country has nine - mountains, the mountains have nine passes, in the sea there are nine islands.' The mythical - Emperor Yu is said to have subdued the nine big rivers in the form of the nine-headed - dragon: he travelled over the nine provinces and measured them, i.e. he divided the earth into nine - square fields each of which he then further subdivided into nine smaller fields.
On the lines of the nine provinces, there arose in Han times the concept of the 'Nine Wells' (jiu quan) as a term denoting the realm of the dead (- hell). On the 9th day of the 9th month the feast of the 'double yang' was observed: men went up into the mountains and drank wine from - chrysanthemum flowers. Old Peking, which was built in keeping with astrological advice, has a holy of holies in the centre, and eight access avenues - i.e. nine parts.
Nine sheep (or goats) under the sign of the triple yang
This completed reference contains the words 'nine' x 17 . . . 'nines x 1' . . . '9' x 2 . . . 'eight' x 1. . . 'five' x 1 and three x 1
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LOVE
Do your own sums writ the scribe
Add to Reduce, Reduce to Deduce.
Numbers and words said Zed Aliz,
Magical correspondences.
What do you think
?